Module 2

Question 1

Electrons on the outer shallow, the atom can be shared or transferred between the atoms and form of bond. The relative electronegativity of the atoms with determine the degree of sharing in the type of bond they will form.

Answer 1

Bonding between atoms

Question 2

Ionic bond dissociation is the formation of what

Answer 2

Electrolytes

Question 3

When chemical bonds between atoms, ions, molecules or compounds are formed or broken. Has occurred?

Answer 3

Chemical reaction

Question 4

The substances that enter into a chemical reaction are called

Answer 4

Reactants

Question 5

The substances that result from a chemical reaction are called

Answer 5

Products

Question 6

This type of reaction can run in both directions reaching an equilibrium

Answer 6

Reversible reaction

Question 7

When different forms of energy are stored, it is called what? It has the capacity to do work at another time.

Answer 7

Potential energy

Question 8

When energy is doing work now, it is called

Answer 8

Kinetic energy

Question 9

What is stored in the bonds between atoms in a molecule. The bonds and fat and carbohydrate. Molecules in our diet. Contains stored energy. That our body utilizes. Chemical reactions release that energy for cellular work.

Answer 9

Chemical potential energy

Question 10

The energy currency of the cell is

Answer 10

ATP

Question 11

What does ATP stand for?

Answer 11

Adenosine triphosphate

Question 12

True or false? The bonds between phosphate molecules and the adenine molecule store very low amount of energy.

Answer 12

False it stores very high amounts of energy

Question 13

True or false? The chemical potential energy within the phosphate bonds of ATP can be utilized within a chemical reaction.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

True or false? Many of the trillions of chemical reactions taking place in the body each second would proceed, too slowly to sustain life, even at normal, normal body temperature

Answer 14

True

Question 15

What is able to increase the rates of these reactions by lowering the activation energy which is the energy needed to start the reaction

Answer 15

Enzymes

Question 16

Enzymes are…
they increased the rate of the reaction without being altered by the reaction

Answer 16

Catalysts

Question 17

Enzymes are… molecules that very specific in structure

Answer 17

Protein

Question 18

Each enzyme can catalyze how many types of chemical reactions

Answer 18

Only one

Question 19

True or false? Enzymes can only be used once to catalyze a specific type of reaction, using new reactants each time.

Answer 19

Boss enzymes can be used over and over again

Question 20

Many enzymes are given names related to the type of reaction. They catalyze the names usually end in the suffix…..

Answer 20

Ase

Question 21

True or false? Producing more enzymes can increase the amount of reaction that can occur quickly.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

True or false? Humans adapt to exercise training by increasing the enzymes available to synthesis ATP from fuel sources, and to breakdown ATP for cellular work

Answer 22

True

Question 23

What type of molecules do not contain carbon?

Answer 23

Inorganic molecules

Question 24

True or false? Oxygen atoms are bonded with a double covalent bond and is used in the last step of extracting energy from food molecules.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

True or false carbon dioxide is produced when alcoholic molecules are metabolized?

Answer 25

False? Meant for when food molecules are metabolized.

Question 26

Polar covalent bonds provide the substance with unique properties that are essential for life. This also stabilizes body temperature. This substance can absorb a large amounts of heat and remain at a stable temperature. Protect body. Acts as a lubricant, fluid cushion around organs or the brain. It is required for many chemical reactions. Reacting molecules must be dissolved in substance. Electrolytes dissociate in the substance. The substance directly involved and digestion and other chemical reactions.

Answer 26

Water

Question 27

Molecules containing carbon are called

Answer 27

Organic molecules

Question 28

The most prevalent atoms in the body are

Answer 28

Hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen

Question 29

What type of atoms form covalent bonds with many other atoms that allow the formation of large complex molecules?

Answer 29

Carbon atoms

Question 30

True or false? Carbon complex molecules are essential for life, as their diverse structures allow them to perform very essential functions for survival.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

Many of these organic molecules have chains of…… atoms as a backbone to their structure

Answer 31

Carbon

Question 32

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

Answer 32

The major groups of organic molecules essential to life

Question 33

True or false? The chemical energy within the bonds of a carbohydrate molecule called sucrose can be utilized a form ATP. The ATP can then be used to do cellular work.

Answer 33

False. Not sucrose but glucose.

Question 34

The amino acid sequence of a protein molecule leads to its unique…… dimensional structure

Answer 34

3

Question 35

What type of acids form the genetic material of ourselves, our DNA

Answer 35

Nucleic acids

Question 36

True or false? The sequence of nucleic acids direct to formation of specific proteins that give us cell with unique structure and functions.

Answer 36

True