Module 2 Flashcards
Electrons on the outer shallow, the atom can be shared or transferred between the atoms and form of bond. The relative electronegativity of the atoms with determine the degree of sharing in the type of bond they will form.
Bonding between atoms
Ionic bond dissociation is the formation of what
Electrolytes
When chemical bonds between atoms, ions, molecules or compounds are formed or broken. Has occurred?
Chemical reaction
The substances that enter into a chemical reaction are called
Reactants
The substances that result from a chemical reaction are called
Products
This type of reaction can run in both directions reaching an equilibrium
Reversible reaction
When different forms of energy are stored, it is called what? It has the capacity to do work at another time.
Potential energy
When energy is doing work now, it is called
Kinetic energy
What is stored in the bonds between atoms in a molecule. The bonds and fat and carbohydrate. Molecules in our diet. Contains stored energy. That our body utilizes. Chemical reactions release that energy for cellular work.
Chemical potential energy
The energy currency of the cell is
ATP
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate
True or false? The bonds between phosphate molecules and the adenine molecule store very low amount of energy.
False it stores very high amounts of energy
True or false? The chemical potential energy within the phosphate bonds of ATP can be utilized within a chemical reaction.
True
True or false? Many of the trillions of chemical reactions taking place in the body each second would proceed, too slowly to sustain life, even at normal, normal body temperature
True
What is able to increase the rates of these reactions by lowering the activation energy which is the energy needed to start the reaction
Enzymes
Enzymes are…
they increased the rate of the reaction without being altered by the reaction
Catalysts
Enzymes are… molecules that very specific in structure
Protein
Each enzyme can catalyze how many types of chemical reactions
Only one
True or false? Enzymes can only be used once to catalyze a specific type of reaction, using new reactants each time.
Boss enzymes can be used over and over again
Many enzymes are given names related to the type of reaction. They catalyze the names usually end in the suffix…..
Ase
True or false? Producing more enzymes can increase the amount of reaction that can occur quickly.
True
True or false? Humans adapt to exercise training by increasing the enzymes available to synthesis ATP from fuel sources, and to breakdown ATP for cellular work
True
What type of molecules do not contain carbon?
Inorganic molecules
True or false? Oxygen atoms are bonded with a double covalent bond and is used in the last step of extracting energy from food molecules.
True
True or false carbon dioxide is produced when alcoholic molecules are metabolized?
False? Meant for when food molecules are metabolized.
Polar covalent bonds provide the substance with unique properties that are essential for life. This also stabilizes body temperature. This substance can absorb a large amounts of heat and remain at a stable temperature. Protect body. Acts as a lubricant, fluid cushion around organs or the brain. It is required for many chemical reactions. Reacting molecules must be dissolved in substance. Electrolytes dissociate in the substance. The substance directly involved and digestion and other chemical reactions.
Water
Molecules containing carbon are called
Organic molecules
The most prevalent atoms in the body are
Hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen
What type of atoms form covalent bonds with many other atoms that allow the formation of large complex molecules?
Carbon atoms
True or false? Carbon complex molecules are essential for life, as their diverse structures allow them to perform very essential functions for survival.
True
Many of these organic molecules have chains of…… atoms as a backbone to their structure
Carbon
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
The major groups of organic molecules essential to life
True or false? The chemical energy within the bonds of a carbohydrate molecule called sucrose can be utilized a form ATP. The ATP can then be used to do cellular work.
False. Not sucrose but glucose.
The amino acid sequence of a protein molecule leads to its unique…… dimensional structure
3
What type of acids form the genetic material of ourselves, our DNA
Nucleic acids
True or false? The sequence of nucleic acids direct to formation of specific proteins that give us cell with unique structure and functions.
True
