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BIO PSYCH > MODULE 2 > Flashcards

MODULE 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

middle layer; it is soft and spongy, and it lies beneath the dura
meter.

A

ARACHNOID MEMBRANE

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2
Q

It means “below”.

A

INFERIOR

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3
Q

This is the inner layer, closest to your brain tissue.

A

PIA MATER

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4
Q

It is the most protected organ of the body, encased in a tough, bony skull and floating in a pool of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

A

BRAIN

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5
Q

Perpendicular to the ground and parallel to the neuroaxis. The midsagittal plane divides the brain into two symmetrical right and left
halves

A

SAGITTAL SECTION

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6
Q

outer layer; is durable, thick, tough, and flexible but not stretchable.

A

DURA MATER

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7
Q

It refers to, “towards the side”

A

LATERAL

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8
Q

The ventricular system of the brain consists of a series of hollow, interconnected chambers called

A

VENTRICLES

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9
Q

What are the three layers of meninges cns?

A

DURA MATER
PIA MATER
ARACHNOID MEMBRANE

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10
Q

top of the head and the back are part

A

DORSAL

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11
Q

an imaginary line is drawn through the length of the central nervous system, from the lower end of the spinal cord up to the front of the brain.

A

NEURAXIS,

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12
Q

parallel cut to the middle of the brain, cutting off the upper and
the lower half of the brain.

A

HORIZONTAL SECTION

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13
Q

receives a copious supply of blood and is chemically guarded by the blood-brain barrier.

A

BRAIN

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14
Q

surface faces the ground.

A

VENTRAL

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15
Q

towards the nose and mouth, what term

A

ROSTRAL

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16
Q

Between the pia mater and the arachnoid membrane is a gap called

A

SUBARACHNOID SPACE

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17
Q

refers to structures on the same side of the body.

A

IPSILATERAL

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18
Q

It refers to “towards the middle”

A

MEDIAL

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19
Q

The protective sheaths around the brain and
spinal cord

A

MENINGES

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20
Q

for the tail end, what term

A

POSTERIOR

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21
Q

transverse cut to the middle of the brain divides the brain into front and
back halves

A

CROSS-SECTION / FRONTAL SECTION

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22
Q

for the front end, what term

A

ANTERIOR

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23
Q

toward the tail, what term

A

CAUDAL

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24
Q

refers to structures on opposite sides of the body.

A

CONTRALATERAL

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25
Q

It means “above”,

A

SUPERIOR

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26
Q

Largest Chamber.
It is connected to the third ventricle.

A

LATERAL VENTRICLE

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27
Q

It is located at the midline of the brain.
Its walls divide the surrounding part of the brain into
symmetrical halves

A

THIRD VENTRICLE

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28
Q

Long tube that connects the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle

A

CEREBRAL AQUEDUCT

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29
Q

Diamond-shaped cavity.
❑ It is located posterior to the pons
and upper medulla oblongata

A

FOURTH VENTRICLE

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30
Q

It is manufactured by special tissue with an
especially rich blood supply called

A

CHOROID PLEXUS.

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31
Q

The total volume of CSF is approximately

A

125ml

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32
Q

It is a complex organ that controls thoughts, memory, emotions, sensory and motor skills, temperature, hunger, and every process that regulates the body of a living organism.

A

BRAIN

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33
Q

What are the 3 Division of the Brain

A

FOREBRAIN / PROSENCEPHALON
MIDBRAIN/ MESENCEPHALON
HINDBRAIN/ RHOMBENCEPHALON

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34
Q

folds and wrinkles of the brain.

A

Convolutions

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35
Q

Surrounds the cerebral hemispheres.

A

CEREBRAL CORTEX

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36
Q

predominate cell bodies, give the grayish tan
appearance.

A

GRAY MATTER

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37
Q

– large concentration of myelin sheaths
give the opaque white appearance

A

WHITE MATTER

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38
Q

Location: Front of the central sulcus.
▪ Function: Action

A

FRONTAL LOBE

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39
Q

Location: Side of the cerebral hemisphere, behind the central sulcus, caudal to the frontal lobe.
▪ Function: Somatosensory

A

PARIETAL LOBE

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40
Q

Location: Forward from the base of the brain, ventral to the frontal and parietal lobe.
▪ Function: Auditory

A

TEMPORAL LOBE

41
Q

Location: Back of the brain, caudal to the parietal and
temporal lobes.
▪ Function: Visual

A

OCCIPITAL LOBE

42
Q

It receives visual information. It is located in the occipital lobe at the back of the brain, on the inner
the surface of the cerebral hemispheres, on the upper and lower areas of the calcarine fissures.

A

PRIMARY VISUAL CORTEX

43
Q

It receives auditory information. It is located in the temporal lobe, on the lower surface of a deep fissure in the side of the brain – lateral fissures.

A

PRIMARY AUDITORY CORTEX

44
Q

It receives information from the body’s senses.It is the vertical strip of the cortex, caudal to the central
sulcus in the parietal lobe

A

PRIMARY SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX

45
Q

It is the adjacent regions that receive information from the primary sensory area of the cerebral cortex.

A

SENSORY ASSOCIATION CORTEX

46
Q

It divides the regions of the cerebral cortex to
rostral and caudal areas

A

CENTRAL SULCUS

47
Q

planning and executing behaviors.

A

ROSTRAL AREA

47
Q

planning and executing behaviors.

A

ROSTRAL AREA

48
Q

perceiving and learning.

A

CAUDAL AREA

49
Q

perceiving and learning.

A

CAUDAL AREA

50
Q

analyze the information received from the primary sensory cortex.

A

Circuits of neurons

51
Q

It is directly involved in the control of movement. It is in front of the primary somatosensory cortex.

A

PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX

52
Q

▪ It is located just rostral to the primary motor cortex.
▪ It basically controls the primary motor cortex.
▪ It directly controls the behavior

A

MOTOR ASSOCIATION CORTEX

52
Q

the nucleus with a tail

A

CAUDATE

53
Q

the shell

A

PUTAMEN

54
Q

the pale globe

A

GLOBUS PALLIDUS

55
Q

RELAY STATION

A

THALAMUS

56
Q

bridge of gray
matter that connects the two (2) lobes
of the thalamus and pierce the middle of
the third ventricle.

A

MASSA INTERMEDIA

57
Q

Nuclei relay the sensory information to
specific sensory projection area of the
cerebral cortex.

A

THALAMUS

58
Q

It controls the AUTONOMIC NERVOUS
SYSTEM (ANS), ENDOCRINE SYSTEM,
organizes BEHAVIORS related to survival of
organisms.

A

HYPOTHALAMUS

59
Q

Pituitary gland attached to the hypothalamus via

A

pituitary stalk

60
Q

produces and releases hormones.

A

ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND

61
Q

store and release hormones.

A

POSTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND

62
Q

hypothalamic hormones secreted from the
hypothalamus.

A

NEUROSECRETORY CELLS

63
Q

Roof of the Midbrain

A

TECTUM

64
Q

It is part of the VISUAL SYSTEM.
Visual Reflexes and reaction to stimuli.

A

SUPERIOR COLLICULLI

65
Q

It is part of the AUDITORY SYSTEM. (Tectum)

A

INFERIOR COLLICULLI

66
Q

❑ Covering of the Midbrain

A

TEGMENTUM

67
Q

-Cell bodies that surrounds the cerebral aqueduct.
- It contains neural circuits that control
sequences of movement.

A

PERIAQUEDUCTAL GRAY MATTER

68
Q

regulates sleep and arousal, attention, muscle
tone movement, and vital reflexes.

A

RETICULAR FORMATION

69
Q

It brings motor information from the cerebral
cortex and cerebellum to the spinal cord.

A

RED NUCLEUS

70
Q

It contains neurons whose axons projects to
the caudate nucleus and putamen.

A

SUBSTANTIA NIGRA

71
Q

Controls reward, motivation, cognition, and aversion.

A

Ventral tegmental Area

72
Q

LITTLE BRAIN

A

CEREBELLUM

73
Q

❑ It is critical in coordinating movements.

A

CEREBELLUM

74
Q

Large bulge in the brain stem.

A

PONS

75
Q

relays information from
cerebral cortex to the cerebellum

A

large nucleus –

76
Q

It contains parts of the reticular formation.

A

MEDULLA
OBLONGATA

77
Q

❑ It regulates CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM,
RESPIRATION, and SKELETAL MUSCLE TONE.

A

MEDULLA
OBLONGATA

78
Q

Long, conical structure.

A

SPINAL CORD

79
Q

SPINAL CORD protected by?

A

spinal column.

80
Q

Collect somatosensory information
to be passed on to the brain.

A

SPINAL CORD

81
Q

Distribute motor bibers to the
effector organs (glands and
muscles).

A

SPINAL CORD

82
Q

What are the 24 Individual vertebrae

A

❑ Cervical – 7 (C1-C7)
❑ Thoracic – 12 (T1-T12)
❑ Lumbar – 5 (L1-L5)
❑ Sacral
❑ Coccygeal

83
Q

It passes to the holes of each vertebrae
known as

A

SPINAL FORAMENS.

84
Q

What are the 3 classification of nerves

A

Sensory, motor, mixed

85
Q

How many nerves that were classified under sensory

A

3

86
Q

How many nerves that were classified under motor

A

5

87
Q

How many nerves that were classified under mixed

A

4

88
Q

It starts at the junction of the dorsal and
ventral roots of the spinal cord.

A

SPINAL NERVES

89
Q

The direction of information is towards the
CNS.

A

AFFERENT NEURONS

90
Q

Outgoing axons

A

EFFERENT NEURONS

91
Q

Leaving the spinal cord via ventral root,
which joins the dorsal root, to make a spinal
nerve.

A

EFFERENT NEURONS

92
Q

The direction of the information is away
from the CNS.

A

EFFERENT NEURONS

93
Q

Incoming axons to the CNS.

A

AFFERENT NEURONS

94
Q

The nerves outside the brain and the spinal
cord.

A

PERIPHERAL NERVES

95
Q

It relays information from the CNS to the
body.

A

It relays information from the CNS to the
body.

96
Q

Sensation, Movement, and Motor
Coordination.

A

PERIPHERAL NERVES

97
Q

It travels to the muscle or sensory receptors
it innervate, branching repeatedly.

A

SPINAL NERVES

BIO PSYCH (6 decks)

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