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BIO PSYCH > MODULE 1 > Flashcards

MODULE 1 Flashcards

1
Q

It provides support to axons and produces the myelin sheath – insulating the axons

A

OLIGODENDROCYTES

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2
Q

is found
outside these bones and consists of the nerves and most of the sensory organs.

A

PNS

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3
Q

It is responsible for inflammatory reaction in response to brain damage

A

MICROGLIA

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4
Q

It serves as a wrapping/ packaging agent.

A

GOLGI APPARATUS

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5
Q

Body’s command centre.

A

NERVOUS SYSTEM

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6
Q

The movement toward the cell body

A

RETROGRADE AXOPLASMIC TRANSPORT

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7
Q

These neurons communicate information from the brain to tissues and organs throughout the body, allowing for movement.

A

MOTOR

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8
Q

It helps in the reestablishment of connections with muscles and sense organs they previously served.

A

SCHWANN CELL

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9
Q

Receptors that respond to the neurotransmitter that they themselves release

A

AUTORECEPTORS

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10
Q

It provides channels for the segregation of molecules involved in various cellular processes.

A

SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

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11
Q

It regulates the processes within the neuron – synthesis, controls the release of neurotransmitter

A

AUTORECEPTORS

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12
Q

It supports the axon of the neurons in PNS by producing Myelin.

A

SCHWANN CELL

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13
Q

It provides physical support to neurons.

A

ASTROCYTES

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14
Q

Bundles of thousands of individual neurons, all
wrapped in a tough, protective membrane.

A

NERVES

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15
Q

RELAY INTERNEURONS

A

It connects circuits of local interneurons in one region of the brain with those in other regions.

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16
Q

It defines the boundary of the neuron

A

CELL MEMBRANE

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17
Q

It small structures that are involved in protein synthesis.

A

RIBOSOMES

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18
Q

What are the two basic divisions of Nervous System

A

CNS & PNS

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19
Q

It consists of long strands of DNA.

A

CHROMOSOMES

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20
Q

It is involved in giving nourishment to neurons.

A

ASTROCYTES

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21
Q

It act as guide for regrowth of the axon.

A

SCHWANN CELL

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22
Q

It is a jellylike, semiliquid substance that fills the
space outlined by the membrane.

A

CYTOPLASM

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23
Q

Biochemical processes that involved extraction of
energy from the breakdown of nutrients.

A

MITOCHONDRIA

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24
Q

Bare portion of axon

A

NODE OF RANVIER

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25
use within the neuron. It go around incase our body need energy then there's no carbohydrates and glucose available.
UNATTACHED VARIETY
26
Secretes neurotransmitter that either excites or inhibits the receiving cells
TERMINAL BUTTONS
27
The ribosomes use the information from the mRNA and create proteins
TRANSLATION (2ND STEP)
28
It helps to control chemical composition of the fluid surrounding neurons.
ASTROCYTES
29
This form of transport is accomplished by molecules of a protein called?
KINESIN
30
These neurons make up the majority of neurons in the body. They are essentially the "middleman", transmitting information between sensory and motor neurons. They play a key role in learning, memory, and planning.
INTERNEURONS
31
It is the most important supporting cell of the central nervous system.
NEUROGLIA / GLIAL
32
It contains ribosomes.
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
33
It exists between the blood and the fluid that surrounds the cells of the brain .
BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER
34
Small sacs that contain enzymes that break down substances no longer needed by the cell
LYSOSOMES
35
It is responsible for the production of ribosomes
NUCLEOLUS
36
The information-processing and information-transmitting cells of the Nervous System.
NERVE CELLS
37
The information from DNA is transcribed into a portable form: mRNA.
TRANSCRIPTION ( 1ST STEP)
38
A small space between the terminal buttons of the sending cell and a portion of the somatic or dendritic membrane of the receiving cell
SYNAPSE
39
Chemicals released by neurons that travel farther and dispersed more widely than neurotransmitters
NEUROMODULATORS
40
They form circuits with nearby neurons and analyze small pieces of information.
LOCAL INTERNEURONS
41
It helps in the phagocytosis
MICROGLIA
42
These are bundles of thirteen protein filaments arranged around a hollow core
MICROTUBULES
43
Built-in brake system
AUTORECEPTORS
44
A complex network of nerves and cells that carry messages to and from the brain and spinal cord to various parts of the body.
NERVOUS SYSTEM
45
It receives the message even over a distance and transmit it across the synapse.
DENDRITES
46
○ Axon causes them to ELONGATE, to reach their target. ○ It could be from the end of the brain or spinal cord.
FIRST MODE OF AXON REGENERATION
47
destined to be transported out of the cell or used in the membrane.
ATTACHED PROTEINS
48
It is secreted in larger amounts.
NEUROMODULATORS
49
Chemical secreted that either excites or inhibits the receiving cell.
NEUROTRANSMITTER
50
carries substances from the terminal buttons to the soma
DYNEIN
51
It carries the information from the cell body to the terminal buttons.
AXON
52
It has a very high rate of metabolism
NEURONS
53
distributed around the cytoplasm
UNATTACHED PROTEINS
54
It is the smallest glial cells.
MICROGLIA
55
communicates with the rest of the body through nerves attached to the brain and to the spinal cord.
CNS
56
It gives the neuron its shape.
CYTOSKELETON
57
Enumerate the types of Neurons
SENSORY INTERNEURONS MOTOR
58
It serves as the representative of immune system in the brain – it protects the brain from microorganism invasion.
MICROGLIA
59
It contains the nucleus and the area where the life processes of the nerve cell happen.
SOMA
60
Axon causes them to SPROUT in the terminal buttons once they reached their target.
SECOND MODE OF AXON REGENERATION
61
It cleans up debris within the brain.
ASTROCYTES
62
It contains the genetic information
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
63
Another term for neuroglial/ glial
NERVE GLUE
64
These neurons take sensory information from the environment and sends the signal to the brain.
SENSORY
65
Movement from the soma to the terminal button
ANTEROGRADE AXOPLASMIC TRANSPORT
66
It is present in the capillaries of the brain
BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER
67
It helps to determine whether an action potential occurs in its axon.
NEUROTRANSMITTER
68
It appears in segments and wrapped around the axon.
SCHWANN CELL
69
Enumerate the structure of a neurons
SOMA DENDRITES AXON TERMINAL BUTTONS
70
It receives a copy of the information stored at that location.
Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA)
71
Enumerate the types of Interneurons
LOCAL INTERNEURONS RELAY INTERNEURONS
72
It produces chemicals that neurons need to fulfil their function
ASTROCYTES
73
It has no means of storing nutrients, therefore it needs constant supply of nutrients and oxygen.
NEURONS
74
It is an active process that propels substances along microtubule “tracks” that run inside the length of the axon.
AXOPLASMIC TRANSPORT

BIO PSYCH (6 decks)

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