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BIO PSYCH > MODULE 1 > Flashcards

MODULE 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

It provides support to axons and produces the myelin sheath – insulating the axons

A

OLIGODENDROCYTES

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2
Q

is found
outside these bones and consists of the nerves and most of the sensory organs.

A

PNS

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3
Q

It is responsible for inflammatory reaction in response to brain damage

A

MICROGLIA

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4
Q

It serves as a wrapping/ packaging agent.

A

GOLGI APPARATUS

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5
Q

Body’s command centre.

A

NERVOUS SYSTEM

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6
Q

The movement toward the cell body

A

RETROGRADE AXOPLASMIC TRANSPORT

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7
Q

These neurons communicate information from the brain to tissues and organs throughout the body, allowing for movement.

A

MOTOR

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8
Q

It helps in the reestablishment of connections with muscles and sense organs they previously served.

A

SCHWANN CELL

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9
Q

Receptors that respond to the neurotransmitter that they themselves release

A

AUTORECEPTORS

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10
Q

It provides channels for the segregation of molecules involved in various cellular processes.

A

SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

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11
Q

It regulates the processes within the neuron – synthesis, controls the release of neurotransmitter

A

AUTORECEPTORS

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12
Q

It supports the axon of the neurons in PNS by producing Myelin.

A

SCHWANN CELL

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13
Q

It provides physical support to neurons.

A

ASTROCYTES

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14
Q

Bundles of thousands of individual neurons, all
wrapped in a tough, protective membrane.

A

NERVES

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15
Q

RELAY INTERNEURONS

A

It connects circuits of local interneurons in one region of the brain with those in other regions.

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16
Q

It defines the boundary of the neuron

A

CELL MEMBRANE

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17
Q

It small structures that are involved in protein synthesis.

A

RIBOSOMES

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18
Q

What are the two basic divisions of Nervous System

A

CNS & PNS

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19
Q

It consists of long strands of DNA.

A

CHROMOSOMES

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20
Q

It is involved in giving nourishment to neurons.

A

ASTROCYTES

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21
Q

It act as guide for regrowth of the axon.

A

SCHWANN CELL

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22
Q

It is a jellylike, semiliquid substance that fills the
space outlined by the membrane.

A

CYTOPLASM

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23
Q

Biochemical processes that involved extraction of
energy from the breakdown of nutrients.

A

MITOCHONDRIA

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24
Q

Bare portion of axon

A

NODE OF RANVIER

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25
Q

use within the neuron. It go around incase our body need energy then there’s no carbohydrates and glucose available.

A

UNATTACHED VARIETY

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26
Q

Secretes neurotransmitter that either excites or
inhibits the receiving cells

A

TERMINAL
BUTTONS

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27
Q

The ribosomes use the information from the
mRNA and create proteins

A

TRANSLATION (2ND STEP)

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28
Q

It helps to control chemical composition of the fluid surrounding neurons.

A

ASTROCYTES

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29
Q

This form of transport is accomplished by molecules of a protein called?

A

KINESIN

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30
Q

These neurons make up the majority of neurons in the body. They are essentially the “middleman”, transmitting information between sensory and motor neurons. They play a key role in learning, memory, and planning.

A

INTERNEURONS

31
Q

It is the most important supporting cell of the
central nervous system.

A

NEUROGLIA / GLIAL

32
Q

It contains ribosomes.

A

ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

33
Q

It exists between the blood and the fluid that surrounds the cells of the brain .

A

BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER

34
Q

Small sacs that contain enzymes that break down
substances no longer needed by the cell

A

LYSOSOMES

35
Q

It is responsible for the production of ribosomes

A

NUCLEOLUS

36
Q

The information-processing and information-transmitting cells of the Nervous System.

A

NERVE CELLS

37
Q

The information from DNA is transcribed into a
portable form: mRNA.

A

TRANSCRIPTION ( 1ST STEP)

38
Q

A small space between the terminal buttons of the sending cell and a portion of the somatic or dendritic membrane of the receiving cell

A

SYNAPSE

39
Q

Chemicals released by neurons that travel farther and dispersed more widely than neurotransmitters

A

NEUROMODULATORS

40
Q

They form circuits with nearby neurons and analyze
small pieces of information.

A

LOCAL INTERNEURONS

41
Q

It helps in the phagocytosis

A

MICROGLIA

42
Q

These are bundles of thirteen protein filaments arranged around a hollow core

A

MICROTUBULES

43
Q

Built-in brake system

A

AUTORECEPTORS

44
Q

A complex network of nerves and cells that carry messages to and from the brain and spinal cord to
various parts of the body.

A

NERVOUS SYSTEM

45
Q

It receives the message even over a distance
and transmit it across the synapse.

A

DENDRITES

46
Q

○ Axon causes them to ELONGATE, to reach their target.
○ It could be from the end of the brain or spinal cord.

A

FIRST MODE OF AXON REGENERATION

47
Q

destined to be transported out of the cell or used in
the membrane.

A

ATTACHED PROTEINS

48
Q

It is secreted in larger amounts.

A

NEUROMODULATORS

49
Q

Chemical secreted that either excites or
inhibits the receiving cell.

A

NEUROTRANSMITTER

50
Q

carries substances from the terminal buttons to the soma

A

DYNEIN

51
Q

It carries the information from the cell body to the terminal buttons.

A

AXON

52
Q

It has a very high rate of metabolism

A

NEURONS

53
Q

distributed around the cytoplasm

A

UNATTACHED PROTEINS

54
Q

It is the smallest glial cells.

A

MICROGLIA

55
Q

communicates with the rest of the body through nerves
attached to the brain and to the spinal cord.

A

CNS

56
Q

It gives the neuron its shape.

A

CYTOSKELETON

57
Q

Enumerate the types of Neurons

A

SENSORY
INTERNEURONS
MOTOR

58
Q

It serves as the representative of immune system in the brain – it protects the brain from microorganism invasion.

A

MICROGLIA

59
Q

It contains the nucleus and the area where the life processes of the nerve cell happen.

A

SOMA

60
Q

Axon causes them to SPROUT in the terminal buttons once they reached their target.

A

SECOND MODE OF AXON REGENERATION

61
Q

It cleans up debris within the brain.

A

ASTROCYTES

62
Q

It contains the genetic information

A

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

63
Q

Another term for neuroglial/ glial

A

NERVE GLUE

64
Q

These neurons take sensory information from the environment and sends the signal to the brain.

A

SENSORY

65
Q

Movement from the soma to the terminal button

A

ANTEROGRADE AXOPLASMIC TRANSPORT

66
Q

It is present in the capillaries of the brain

A

BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER

67
Q

It helps to determine whether an action
potential occurs in its axon.

A

NEUROTRANSMITTER

68
Q

It appears in segments and wrapped around the axon.

A

SCHWANN CELL

69
Q

Enumerate the structure of a neurons

A

SOMA
DENDRITES
AXON
TERMINAL BUTTONS

70
Q

It receives a copy of the information stored at that location.

A

Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA)

71
Q

Enumerate the types of Interneurons

A

LOCAL INTERNEURONS
RELAY INTERNEURONS

72
Q

It produces chemicals that neurons need to fulfil their function

A

ASTROCYTES

73
Q

It has no means of storing nutrients, therefore it needs
constant supply of nutrients and oxygen.

A

NEURONS

74
Q

It is an active process that propels substances along microtubule “tracks” that run inside the length of the axon.

A

AXOPLASMIC TRANSPORT

BIO PSYCH (6 decks)

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