module 2

Question 1

matter

Answer 1

takes up space

Question 2

energy

Answer 2

ability to do work

Question 3

elements

Answer 3

fundamental type of matter, can’t be broken down

Question 4

elements in the human body

Answer 4

oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen

Question 5

atom

Answer 5

smallest possible part of an element, composed of protons (positively charged), neutrons (uncharged), and electron (negatively charged)

Question 6

mass number

Answer 6

the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Question 7

atomic number

Answer 7

the number of protons

Question 8

isotopes

Answer 8

elements with the same atomic number but different mass number

Question 9

Covalent Bonds

Answer 9

forms when 2 atoms SHARE electrons

Question 10

Nonpolar Covalent Bond

Answer 10

Equal share of electrons

Question 11

Polar Covalent Bond

Answer 11

Unequal share of electrons, one atom pulls electrons more than others.

Question 12

Hydrogen bonds

Answer 12

interaction involving a hydrogen atom located between a pair of other atoms having a high affinity for electrons; such a bond is weaker than an ionic bond or covalent bond but stronger than van der Waals forces.

Question 13

Ionic Bonds

Answer 13

forms when 1 atom “takes” an electron from another- Happens when ions of opposite charge attract each other and more negative gives up electron for bond

Question 14

Cohesion

Answer 14

tendency of water molecules to stick together

Question 15

Adhesion

Answer 15

tendency to form hydrogen bonds with other substances•Together responsible for transport in plants

Question 16

Chemical Reaction

Answer 16

2 or more molecules “swap” atoms to make different molecules

Question 17

Buffer systems

Answer 17

regulate pH in organisms–Maintaining correct pH of body fluids critical–Buffer system•Pair of weak acid and base that resist pH changes