Module 1.6B

Question 1

Wavelength

Answer 1

The distance from the peak of one light wave or sound wave to the peak of the next. Electromagnetic wavelenghts vary from the short gamma waves to the long pulses of radio transmission.

Question 2

Hue

Answer 2

The dimension of color that is determined byt he wavelength of light; what we know as the color name blue, green, and so forth.

Question 3

Intensity

Answer 3

The amount of energy in a light wave or sound wave, which influences what we percieve as brightness or loudness. Intensity is determined by the wave’s amplitude.

Question 4

Cornea

Answer 4

The eye’s clear, protective outer layer, covering the pupil and iris.

Question 5

Pupil

Answer 5

The adjustable opening in the center of the eye through which light enters.

Question 6

Iris

Answer 6

A ring of muscle tissue that forms from the colored poortion of theeye around the pupl and controls the size of the pupil opening.

Question 7

Lens

Answer 7

The transparent structure behind the pupil that changs shape to help focus images on the retina.

Question 8

Retina

Answer 8

The light-sensitive back inner surface of the eye, containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information.

Question 9

Accommodation

Answer 9

The process by which the eye’s lens changes shape to focus images of near or far objects on the retina.

Question 10

Rods

Answer 10

Retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray, and are sensitive to movement. Rods are neccesary for peripheral and twlighlighr vision, when cones don’t respond.

Question 11

Cones

Answer 11

Retinal receptors that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in the daylight or in well-lit conditions, Cones detect fine detaul and give rise to color sensations.

Question 12

Optic Nerve

Answer 12

The nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain.

Question 13

Blind Splot

Answer 13

The point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye, creating a “blind” splot because no receptor cells are located there.

Question 14

Fovea

Answer 14

The cental focal point in the retina, around which the eye’s cones cluster.

Question 15

Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic Theory

Answer 15

The theory that the retina contains three different ypes of color receptors- one most sensitive to red, one to green, one to blue- which, when stimulated in combination, can produce the perception of any color.

Question 16

Opponent-process Theory

Answer 16

The theory that opposing retinal processes (Red-green, blue-yellow, white-black) enable color vision. For example, some cells are stimulated by green and inhibited by red; others are stimulated by red and inhibited by green.

Question 17

Feature Detectors

Answer 17

Nerve cells in the brain’s visual cortex that respond to specific features of the stimlus, such as shape, angle, or movement.

Question 18

Parallel Processing

Answer 18

Processing multiple aspects of a stimulus or problem simultaneously.