Module 14

Question 1

1B Define: Arteries

Answer 1

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

Question 2

1C Define: Capillaries

Answer 2

Tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that allow the exchange of gases and nutrients between the blood and cells and are located between arteries and veins

Question 3

2

What purpose do the lungs serve?

Answer 3

Oxygenate the blood and allow the blood to get rid of carbon dioxide.

Question 4

3

What purpose does the heart serve?

Answer 4

Pumps blood throughout the circulatory system.

Question 5

4

How many chambers are in a human heart? Name them.

Answer 5

Four chambers: right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle

Question 6

5

What is special about a four-chambered heart as compared to a three-chambered heart or a two-chambered heart?

Answer 6

A four-chambered heart is much more efficient than other kinds of hearts.

Question 7

6 In what kind of blood vessels does the blood transfer oxygen to the cells and pick up wastes?

Answer 7

Capillaries

Question 8

7 When deoxygenated blood is returning to the heart, into what chamber does it enter the heart?

Answer 8

Right atrium

Question 9

8

After entering the heart, the deoxygenated blood is then transferred to a second chamber. What chamber is that?

Answer 9

Right ventricle

Question 10

9

When the deoxygenated blood leaves the heart, where does it go?

Answer 10

Lungs

Question 11

10

When the oxygenated blood comes back to the heart, what chamber does it fill?

Answer 11

Left atrium

Question 12

11

Once the oxygenated blood is back in the heart, it is then transferred to another chamber. What chamber is that?

Answer 12

Left ventricle

Question 13

When oxygenated blood leaves the heart, through what artery does it travel first?

Answer 13

Aorta

Question 14

13 Most veins carry what kind of blood (oxygenated or deoxygenated)? Are there any exceptions to this general rule?

Answer 14

Deoxygenated blood

There are exceptions

Question 15

14 Name the three types of blood cells and their main job in the blood.

Answer 15

The red blood cells carry oxygen to the other cells of the body. The white blood cells fight disease-causing organisms, and the blood platelets aid the blood clotting process.

Question 16

15

What makes up more than half your blood?

Answer 16

Plasma

Question 17

16 What is hemoglobin and where is it found?

Answer 17

Hemoglobin is a protein that carries oxygen. It is found in red blood cells

Question 18

17

Where are red blood cells produced?

Answer 18

Bone marrow

Question 19

18

What are alveoli? What happens in the alveoli?

Answer 19

Alveoli are small sacs at the end of tiny bronchial tubes. Oxygenation of blood takes place in them. The blood also gives up waste products there.

Question 20

19

What kind of blood vessels surround the alveoli?

Answer 20

Capillaries

Question 21

20

Where are the bronchial tubes found, and what travels in them?

Answer 21

Lungs

Air

Question 22

21
When you inhale, air travels through the following parts of the respiratory system:
pharynx, nasal cavity, trachea, larynx, alveoli, bronchial tubes.
List these parts in the order in which inhaled air passes through them.

Answer 22

Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, alveoli

Question 23

22

Which parts listed in the problem above contains the vocal chords?

Answer 23

Larynx

Question 24

23

What controls the volume of sound produced by the vocal chords? What controls the pitch of the sound produced?

Answer 24

The amount of air that passes over the vocal chords controls the volume if the sound, and the tightness of the vocal chords determines the pitch

Question 25

24
A sample of fluid was taken from a tube within a plant. If it is mostly water, which was it taken from: a xylem or phloem tube?

Answer 25

Xylem

Question 26

1A Define: Veins

Answer 26

Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart