Module 12

Question 1

1B Define: Consumers

Answer 1

Organisms that eat living producers and/or other consumers for food

Question 2

1C Define: Herbivore

Answer 2

A consumer that eats producers exclusively

Question 3

1D Define: Carnivore

Answer 3

A consumer that eats only other consumers.

Question 4

1E Define: Omnivore

Answer 4

A consumer that eats both producers and other consumers

Question 5

1F Define: Basal metabolic rate

Answer 5

The minimum amount of energy required by the body in a day.

Question 6

2 From where does the energy in most living organisms ultimately originate?

Answer 6

The sun

Question 7

3 Label each of the following as a consumer, producer, or decomposer.

a. mushroom
b. evergreen bush
c. worm
d. algae

Answer 7

a. decomposer
b. producer
c. Consumer
d. producer

Question 8

4 What is the name of the chemical process that converts food into energy?

Answer 8

combustion

Question 9

5 What does combustion require?

Answer 9

combustion requires oxygen as well as something to burn

Question 10

6 What does combustion produce?

Answer 10

Energy, carbon dioxide and water

Question 11

7 What are the 3 macronutrients?

Answer 11

Carbohydrates, fats and protiens

Question 12

8 What is the main thing macronutrients provide?

Answer 12

energy for our daily lives

Question 13

9 Do we need to eat more macronutrients or micronutrients

Answer 13

macronutrients

Question 14

10

Which is larger: a monosaccharide, a disaccharide or a polysaccharide?

Answer 14

Polysaccharide

Question 15

11 Is glucose a monosaccharide, a disaccharide or a polysaccharide?

Answer 15

Glucose is a monosaccharide. Most carbohydrates contain a lot of glucose

Question 16

12

What are the two basic kinds of fat? How can you distinguish them?

Answer 16

Saturated fats and unsaturated fats / Saturated fats are usually solid at room temp. While unsaturated fats are usually liquid

Question 17

13

What are protiens made of?

Answer 17

Long strings of amino acids

Question 18

14

In what order does the body prefer to burn the macronutrients?

Answer 18

Carbohydrates, then fats and then proteins (or amino acids)

Question 19

15
When protiens are eaten, they are broken down into their amino acids. If your cells are short on amino acids, what happens to the amino acids that come from the protiens you eat? What happens if your cells have plenty of amino acids?

Answer 19

If your cells do not have enough amino acids, the amino acids from the proteins you eat are sent to your cells so that your cells can make the proteins they need. If your cells have plenty of amino acids, the amino acids from the proteins you eat are either burned for energy or converted into carbohydrates or fats.

Question 20

16

Why is it important to eat either animal protein or a wide variety of plant protein?

Answer 20

There are several amino acids your body cannot make. Thus, you must get them from food. Without those amino acids, your cells would not be able to make the proteins that they need to make.

Question 21

17

Which type of animal has a higher BMR: an endothermic animal or an ectothermic animal?

Answer 21

Endothermic

Question 22

18 Which type of animal from the last problem cannot be active on a very cold day?

Answer 22

Ectothermic

Question 23

19

What do calories measure?

Answer 23

Energy

Question 24

20
Consider 2 men. While they sleep, they burn about the same amount of calories. However, the first man needs significantly more calories than the second in order to keep his weight constant. Which man is less active during the day?

Answer 24

The second man

Question 25

21
Jean and Wanda are essentially the same height, weight and age. If jean needs to eat more calories than Wanda in order to keep her weight constant, can you immediately conclude that jean is more active than Wanda?

Answer 25

No, you cannot

Question 26

22

When normalized by weight, which has a higher BMR: a horse or a mouse?

Answer 26

Mouse

Question 27

23

Where does the combustion of food take place?

Answer 27

Cell

Question 28

24

Why is the mitochondrion called the “powerhouse” of the cell?

Answer 28

The majority of energy in the combustion process is released in step 3 , which takes place in the Mitochondrion.

Question 29

25

How many basic steps are involved on the combustion of food? Why do cells do it in such a complex way?

Answer 29

1 three

2 gentle release of energy so that the cell doesn’t burn up from this process

Question 30

1A Define: Producers

Answer 30

Organisms that produce their own food.