Module 13 Flashcards
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1B
Define: Vitamin
1B
A chemical substance the body needs in small amounts to stay healthy.
2
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2
a. salivary gland
b. epiglottis
c. larynx
d. trachea
e. pancreas
f. stomach
g. small intestine
h. rectum
i. pharynx
j. esophagus
k. liver
l. gall bladder
m. large intestine
n. anus
3A
Look on page 341 in book
3A
a. the salivary glands are part of the digestive system. Technically, they are not part of the digestive tract because food does not pass through them. They put saliva in the mouth. The saliva partially digests food, but it also lubricates the mouth and makes it easier for the tongue to form the bolus.
3B
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3B
b. the epiglottis is not a part of the digestive system.
3C
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3C
c. the larynx is not a part of the digestive system
3D
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3D
d. the trachea is not a part of the digestive system
3E
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3E
e. The pancreas is a part of the digestive system but not a part of the digestive tract. It has two main functions. It makes several digestive juices that are squirted into the small intestine as chyme passes through the pyloric sphincter. In addidtion, it also produces a sodium bicarbonate to neutralize the stomach acid.
3F
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3F
f. The stomach is a part of the digestive system and the digestive tract. It churns and mixes the food with gastric juices. The gastric juices contain stomach acid that destroys bacteria that might have been eaten with the food and helps dissolve the food. The gastric juices also contain some digestive chemicals that start the chemical digestion of the food. This turns the bolus of food into chyme.
3G
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3G
g. The small intestine is a part of the digestive system and the digestive tract. It chemically digests the food and allows the nutrients to be absorbed through its lining.
3H
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3H
h. The rectum is a part of the digestive system and the digestive tract. It pushes feces out of the body through the anus.
3I
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3I
i. The pharynx is a part of the digestive system and the digestive tract. It pushes food into the esophagus.
3J
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3J
j. The esophagus is a part of the digestive system and the digestive tract. It pushes food down into the stomach.
3K
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3K
k. The liver is a part of the digestive system but not a part of the digestive tract. It has many functions. The most important digestion-related functions are making bile, converting glucose into glycogen for storage, breaking down glycogen when the body needs energy, storing fats, and converting parts of the fat and amino acids into glucose when the body needs energy.
3L
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3L
l. The gall bladder is a part of the digestive system but not a part of the digestive tract. It concentrates bile and squirts the bile into the chyme as the chyme enters the small intestine.
3M
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3M
m. The large is a part of the digestive system and the digestive tract. It consolidates undigested food, absorbs water from it, and turns the resulting waste into feces.
