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PTHER351 > Module 12 > Flashcards

Module 12 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of the swing phase?

A

Foot clearance
Limb advancement

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2
Q

3 stages of swing phase?

A

Acceleration (Initial swing)
Mid swing
Deceleration (terminal swing)

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3
Q

What is the main characteristic of the mid swing phase?

A

Swing limb passes the stance limb

knee and hip flexion

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4
Q

What are the stages to the Stance phase?

A

Heel strike (initial contact)
Foot flat (loading response)
Mid stance
Heel off (terminal stance)
Toes off (preswing)

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5
Q

What are the purposes of the stance phase?

A

Stability
Balance
Forward propulsion

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6
Q

What is the other term for heel strike?

A

Initial contact

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7
Q

What is the other term for foot flat?

A

Loading response

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8
Q

What is the other term for heel off?

A

Terminal stance

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9
Q

What is the other term for toes off?

A

Preswing

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10
Q

What is the main characteristic of the heel strike?

A

Foot is correctly placed for shock absorption

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11
Q

When does the loading response end?

A

When the COG starts moving forward to the ankle joint

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12
Q

What is the main characteristics of the loading response?

A

Shock is absorbed as forward momentum is preserved

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13
Q

What is the main characteristic of the midstance

A

COG moved anteriorly and higher
Smaller BOS
greated point of instability

You are the tallest!

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14
Q

What is cadence measured in?

A

Steps/minute

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15
Q

What are the requirements for human gait?

A

Progression
Postural control
Adaptation

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16
Q

What is different in the running gait?

A

No double stance
has an air phase

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17
Q

The ground force is how much during running gait?

A

up to 3x - load on joints is bigger

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18
Q

What replaces the heel strike during running gait?

A

Forefoot strike

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19
Q

What is the difference in step length in backwards walking?

A

Decreased

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20
Q

What replaces the heel strike in backwards walking?

A

Toe strike

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21
Q

What is a change in joints during backwards walking?

A

Increased hip extension - glutes

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22
Q

What are the main differences during stair climbing gait?

A

Increased joint movement
Greater muscular demands
Vertical translation of the COG
Balance

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23
Q

How do muscles work during the weight acceptance phase of going upstairs?

A

Hip extensors and knee extensors act concentrically

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24
Q

When is the patella and femur have the biggest forces during stair climbing?

A

Weight acceptance

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25
Q

When you are on one leg for the stance leg in stair climbing - what muscles are working?

A

Hip Abductors to control pelvis

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26
Q

What muscle contracts in the last phase of stance in stair climbing?

A

PF to accelerate body up

27
Q

What muscles contract during the start of swing phase of stair climbing?

A

Concentric hip flexors, knee flexors and ankle

28
Q

Are hamstrings active during the midswing of stair climbing?

A

NO

29
Q

How does the tibialis anterior work during the swing phase of stair climbing?

A

isometrically at the first and then eccentrically to lower foot

30
Q

How does the gastroc contrac during stance phase of stair lowering?

A

Eccentric

31
Q

What moves concentrically during going down stairs in stance phase?

A

Concentric of hip and knee extensors

32
Q

How does the quads contract while the stance phase of going downstairs?

A

Eccentric contraction of quads

33
Q

As the body moves down in the last phase of stance in stairs down?

A

Hip and knee flexion and DF

34
Q

At the start of the swing phase of going downstairs, how are the knees and hip>

A

Flexion - concentric of hip and knee flexors

35
Q

Are the foot crosses the step in swing phase of downstairs, what muscle contracts and how?

A

Hamstrings - eccentric

and later eccentric of tibialis anterior

36
Q

How do the Hip abductors contract for pelvic stability during midstance?

A

Eccentric

37
Q

Which moment of the stance phase is there increased flexion torque on the knee joint?

A

Loading response

38
Q

How does the pelvis move during the double stance?

A

rotates away from lead limb

39
Q

Stance ROM during Heel strike?

A

Hip - 20 flex
Knee - 0-5 flex
Ankle - neutral

40
Q

Stance ROM during Lead response

A

Hip - 20 flex
Knee - 15 flex
Ankle - 5PF

41
Q

Stance ROM during midstance

A

Hip - neutral 0
Knee - 0-5 flex
Ankle - 5 DF

42
Q

Stance ROM during Heel off

A

Hip - 20 Ext,
Knee - 0-5 flex
Ankle - 10 DF

43
Q

Stance ROM during Toe off

A

Hip - 10 Ext.
Knee - 40 flex
Ankle - 15 PF

44
Q

Swing ROM during Acceleration

A

Hip - 15 flex
Knee - 60 flex
Ankle - 5 PF

45
Q

Swing ROM during midswing

A

Hip - 25 flex
Knee 25 flex
Ankle - neutral

46
Q

Swing ROM during Deceleration

A

Hip - 20 flex
Knee - 0-5 flex
Ankle - neutral

47
Q

Hip Flexors during Stance

A

0
0
0
0
concentric

48
Q

Hip extensors during Stance

A

Concentric
concentric
0
0
0

49
Q

Knee flexors (hamstring) during stance

A

Eccentric
Concentric
0
concentric
concentric

50
Q

Knee extensors (quads) during stance

A

Concentric
Eccentric
Concentric
0
0

51
Q

Dorsiflexion during stance

A

Concentric
Eccentric
0
0
Concentric

52
Q

Plantarflexion during stance

A

0
0
Eccentric
Concentric
0

53
Q

Hip Flexors during Swing

A

Concentric
0
0

54
Q

Hip extensors during swing

A

0
0
eccentric

55
Q

Knee flexors during swing

A

Concentric
Eccentric
Eccentric

56
Q

Knee extensors during swing

A

0
concentric
concentric

57
Q

Dorsiflexors during swing

A

Concentric
concentric
concentric

58
Q

Plantarflexors during swing

A

0
0
0

59
Q

Hip ROM during stance

A

20 flex
20 flex
0
20 ext
10 ext

60
Q

Knee ROM during stance

A

0-5 flex
15 flex
0-5 flex
0-5 flex
40 flex

61
Q

Ankle ROM during stance

A

0
5 PF
5 DF
10 DF
15 PF

62
Q

Hip ROM during swing

A

15 flex
25 flex
20 flex

63
Q

Knee ROM during swing

A

60 flex
25 flex
0-5 flex

64
Q

Ankle during swing

A

5 PF
0
0

PTHER351 (10 decks)

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