Module 10

Question 1

How many vertebraes?

Answer 1

33

Question 2

What vertebraes have the largest vertebral canal and body size?

Answer 2

Lumbar spine

Question 3

What are the functions of the spine?

Answer 3

Protection
Load absorbtion
Movement

Question 4

What does the Foramen transversarii protect?

Answer 4

Vertebral artery

Question 5

What does the intervertebral foramen protect?

Answer 5

Nerve roots

Question 6

What is the annulus fibrosus made with?

Answer 6

Collagen

Question 7

What is the nucleus pulposus made with?

Answer 7

Mostly water - 70-90%

Question 8

Where do disc bulges happen more often?

Answer 8

L4-L5

Question 9

Movements of C0-C1

Answer 9

Flexion/extension (double chin)

Question 10

What is C0-C1 called?

Answer 10

Atlanto occipital

Question 11

Movement of C1-C2

Answer 11

mostly rotation

Question 12

What is C1-C2 called?

Answer 12

atlantoaxial

Question 13

What orientation does the facets of C3-C7?

Answer 13

45 degrees
allows for more flex/extend

Question 14

Movements of C3-C7?

Answer 14

Flex/extend
rotation
lateral flexion

Question 15

Orientation of facets for T1-T12

Answer 15

60 degrees

Question 16

Movements of T1-T12

Answer 16

Rotation/extension but limited due to ribcage

Question 17

Orientation of facets for L1-L5

Answer 17

90 degrees

Question 18

What movement does the lumbar spine mostly provide?

Answer 18

Flexion

but also side flexion and rotation

Question 19

What compression of the intervertebral disc is caused by forward bending?

Answer 19

Compression of the posterior part of disc

Question 20

Muscles of the trunk

Answer 20

Abdominals
Multifidus
Erector Spinae
Psoas Major & Minor
Quadratus Lumborum
Deep neck flexors

Question 21

What are the muscles of the Abdominals

Answer 21

Transversus abdominis
Rectus abdominis
Internal and external obliques

Question 22

Which muscle of the abdominals activates first?

Answer 22

Transversus abdominis

Question 23

What muscle in the abdo causes flexion of the trunk and posterior pelvic tilt?

Answer 23

Rectus abdominis

Question 24

Actions of External Oblique

Answer 24

Side flexion - same side
Trunk rotation - opposite side
Trunk flexion - bilateral

Question 25

What is the combines action of the abodminal muscles?

Answer 25

Stabilize the spine and increase intra-abdominal pressure

Question 26

Can you fire the multifidus muscle?

Answer 26

NO

Question 27

What action does the multifidus have in the lumbar spine?

Answer 27

Spine extension

Question 28

What are the muscles of the erector spinae?

Answer 28

Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis

Question 29

What is the movement of the erector spinae?

Answer 29

Trunk extension from flexed

Question 30

What is the unilateral AND bilateral action of the quadratus lumborum?

Answer 30

Unilateral - lateral bending of trunk (hip hike)
bilateral - aids in trunk extension

Question 31

What muscle has a large number of muscle spindles so aid in proprioception?

Answer 31

Deep neck flexors

Question 32

Why is the lumbar spine bigger?

Answer 32

A lot more load

Question 33

What is the big difference in the spinous process of the cervical spine?

Answer 33

Bifid spinous processes

Question 34

What are the weak & tight muscles of upper crossed syndrome?

Answer 34

weak - Lower Trap and rhomboids
Tight - Pecs and upper trap

Question 35

What are the weak and tight muscles of lower crossed syndrome?

Answer 35

Weak - Glutes and abdos

Tight - Erector spinae and hip flexors