Module 11: Vaccines

Question 1

Live _____ vaccines are less ________ versions of their pathogens. Name 2 examples.

Answer 1

Attenuated, virulent. Ex. measles, rubella, varicella, zoster, BCG.

Question 2

In a whole inactivated vaccine, the ___________ is killed/inactivated with _____ or _________. Name 2 examples.

Answer 2

Microorganism, heat, chemicals. Ex. polio, hep A, rabies.

Question 3

What are the two kinds of inactivated vaccines? What are the three subtypes of one?

Answer 3

Whole, fraction (subunit, toxoid, polysaccharide based)

Question 4

Subunit vaccines only contain _______ _______ _______. Toxoids are made from combining _______ and _________.

Answer 4

Specific protein antigens, exotoxins, formaldehyde.

Question 5

In mRNA vaccines, the mRNA is taken up by an _____, makes a ____ _______, and a _______ _________ is developed.

Answer 5

APC, spike protein, memory response

Question 6

What are two new types of vaccines that have been approved since COVID-19?

Answer 6

Viral vector, mRNA

Question 7

What is the target location for antifungal agents?

Answer 7

Ergosterol, found in membrane of fungus