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BIOL111LA > Module 10: Plant Reproductive Structures > Flashcards

Module 10: Plant Reproductive Structures Flashcards

1
Q

is the reproductive organ of a plant

A

flower

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2
Q

as the sexual organ, provides ways to ensure the pollination and
fertilization of the egg.

A

flower

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3
Q

results in the embryonic plant

A

fertilization

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4
Q

stores food for the
embryonic plant and becomes the seed

A

ovule

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5
Q

matures and becomes the fruit

A

ovary

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6
Q

This nutrient reserve or food may
be stored outside the embryo as ________ (like in corn) or be absorbed by the
developing embryo into large fleshy _______ (like the bean).

A

endosperm, cotyledon

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7
Q

two types of seeds

A

endospermous or albuminous seed and the exendospermous or exalbuminous seed.

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8
Q

are modified leaves that encase the rest of the developing flower. These may be either green and leaflike or composed of petal-like tissue.

A

Sepals (collective term: calyx)

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9
Q

are modified leaves that serve to
attract pollinators.

A

Petals (collective term: corolla)

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10
Q

consist of sac-like anthers and filaments

A

Stamen and Pollen (collective term: androecium)

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11
Q

which are stalks that support
the anthers

A

filaments

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12
Q

consist of two sacs, each of which contains two
microsporangia.

A

anthers

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13
Q

Meiosis occurs in microspore mother cells

A

microsporangia,

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14
Q

each microspore mother cell produces

A

micropores

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15
Q

Each microspore becomes

A

becomes a pollen grain or microgametophyte

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16
Q

is composed
of carpels, which fuse to form the case of ovules

A

pistil

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17
Q

collective term for pistils and carpel

A

gynoecium

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18
Q

The three regions
of the pistil are

A

ovary, style, and stigma

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19
Q

where the
ovules are found.

A

ovary

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20
Q

In each ___, meiosis occurs in a megaspore
mother cell producing four megaspores

A

ovule

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21
Q

In each ovule, meiosis occurs in a megaspore
mother cell producing four megaspores. Three of these disintegrate,
leaving a functional megaspore, which divides mitotically to produce
an __________

A

embryo sac or megagametophyte.

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22
Q

The ovary is divided into chambers

A

locules

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23
Q

is the stalk atop the ovary that elevates into a stigma

A

style

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24
Q

pattern of ovule attachment and distribution in an ovary is called

A

placentation

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25
Q

five basic types of placentation

A
  1. axile
  2. basal
  3. marginal
  4. parietal
  5. free central
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26
Q

ovules are borne on placentae on the central axis of a compound ovary

A

axile

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27
Q

has a single ovule that is almost at the
base of the ovary

A

basal

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28
Q

the ovule is borne along the fused margins of the placenta of a single ovary

A

marginal

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29
Q

ovules are born in placentae located on the inner surface of the outer wall of the ovary.

A

parietal

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30
Q

ovules are borne on placentae on a free, central column within an ovary that has only one locule.

A

free central

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31
Q

what was the two prepared slide of cross sections

A

lily ovary and anther

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32
Q

flowerused and observed in the dissecting microscope.

A

hibiscus sp.

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33
Q

flowers with four basic parts

A

complete

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34
Q

flowers in which at least one part is absent

A

incomplete

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35
Q

flowers containing male and female parts

A

perfect

36
Q

flowers containing just one sex to having no sexual part (sterile)

A

imperfect

37
Q

female and male flowers are located on separate plants

A

Dioecious

38
Q

female and male flowers are located on the same plant

A

monoecious

39
Q

flowers can occur singly or aggregate

A

Inflorescence

40
Q

which is divisible on more than one axis into two equal halves that are mirror images of each other.

A

Radial (regular/actinomorphic) symmetry

41
Q

the flower is distinctly divisible into right and left sides; that is divisible into mirror images on only one axis

A

Bilateral (irregular/zygomorphic) symmetry

42
Q

There are four types of bilateral symmetry

A

bilabiate, caesalpiniaceous,
orchidaceous, and papillionaceous

43
Q

flower with a superior ovary is such that the stamens, petals, and sepals arise from a level below the base of the ovary.

A

Hypogynous

44
Q

the flower has a superior ovary, but the bases of the stamens, petals, and sepals develop as a floral cup around the pistil.

A

perigynous

45
Q

is inferior because the stamen, petals, and sepals arise from a level that is above the base of the ovary.

A

Epigynous

46
Q

are sunflowers, daisies and chrysanthemums.

A

Flowers of composites (Asteraceae family)

47
Q

including rice have flowers highly modified in comparison with the ones seen so far

A

Flowers of the grasses (Poaceae family)

48
Q

Individual grass
flower, the ______, is enveloped by a pair of bracts or modified leaves

A

floret

49
Q

The outer and larger bract is termed the ___ and the inner and smaller one is called the ____.

A

lemma, palea

50
Q

encloses the stamens and the pistil.

A

palea

51
Q

A group of florets is called

A

spikelet`

52
Q

At the base of each spikelet is a pair of modified leaves called

A

glumes

53
Q

A group of spikelets makes up an

A

inflorescence

54
Q

derived from one ovary of one flower

A

simple fruit

55
Q

from several ovaries of one
flower

A

aggregate fruit

56
Q

derived from a cluster of several ovaries from several flowers crowded together on one stem

A

Multiple fruits

57
Q

the pericarp is fleshy throughout

A

berry

58
Q

type of berry with hard rind

A

pepo

59
Q

a type of berry with leathery rind

A

hesperidium

60
Q

one-seeded fruit with the pericarp distinctly divided into thin skin-like exocarp, thick fleshy mesocarp, and hard, stony endocarp

A

Drupe

61
Q

fruit with papery pericarp

A

pome

62
Q

split open along definite seams when matured and may contain several or many seeds.

A

dehiscent fruits

63
Q

has one carpel and splits along two seams

A

Legume/pod

64
Q

has one carpel and splits along one
seam

A

follicle

65
Q

fruit of two or more united carpels
and splits in a variety of ways.

A

capsule

66
Q

fruit of two fused carpels that separate, leaving a persistent wall between them

A

Silique

66
Q

do not open along definite seams
or points when mature. These usually contain only one or two seeds.

A

Indehiscent fruits

66
Q

one seeded the coat of which is
completely fused to the inner surface of the pericarp

A

grain

66
Q

one seed can be separated from the
ovary wall except at point of attachment to the inside of the pericarp.

A

achene

66
Q

an achene-like fruit with wing-like outgrowth

A

samara

67
Q

one seeded fruit similar to achene but with a very hard and thick pericarp.

A

nut

68
Q

is essentially without endosperm at maturity

A

bean sead

69
Q

produces this seed is the fruit of the bean plant.

A

bean pod

70
Q

outer covering of the seed

A

seed coat

71
Q

small elliptical scar along the concave edge of the seed

A

hilum

72
Q

small hole at the end of a seed

A

micropyle

73
Q

At the other end of the hilum
is the ______, a small groove extending to the chalaza, the point where the integuments are attached to the ovule.

A

raphe

74
Q

The structure found within the seed coat

A

embryo

75
Q

The two fleshy structures which constitute most of the volume of the seed

A

cotyledons

76
Q

a miniature plant made up of two miniature leaves and a small axis: attached at the end of the cotyledon

A

embryo

77
Q

tiny leaves

A

epicotyl

78
Q

little axis of the embryo

A

hypocotyl

79
Q

external covering of corn grain is the wall of the ovary or the

A

pericarp

80
Q

bulk of the interior tissue of a corn seed

A

endosperms

81
Q

he cotyledon in corn is also known as

A

scutellum

82
Q

In corn and other monocots, the ________ is reduced to a small mass of tissue, which never assumes the shape or function of a photosynthetic leaf on the developing seedling

A

cotyledon

BIOL111LA (8 decks)

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