Module 10 Male Genital Tract Flashcards
1
Q
Penis Function
A
- Increased blood flow to erectile tissue
- Decreased blood outflow
- Leads to erection
- Sperm passes through urethra
2
Q
Penis Anatomy
A
- Root attaches to lower abdomen/pelvis
- Shaft, cylindrical portion
- Glands, cone shaped end
- Foreskin may cover glands
3
Q
Testis Function
A
- Sperm production in seminiferous tubules
- Sperm storage in epididymis
- Sperm transported to urethra
- Testosterone production
4
Q
Testis Anatomy
A
- Descend from abdominal cavity
- Pair organ located within scrotum
- Associated with epididymis & vas deferens
5
Q
Prostate Function
A
- Secretes fluids to prolong sperm lifespan
- Control urination & ejaculation
6
Q
Prostate Anatomy
A
- Inferior to bladder
- Join with urethra
- Size of large walnut (20g)
- Vas deferens enter becoming ejaculatory ducts
7
Q
Prostate Cancer
A
- Most common male cancer
- 50+
- Hormone dependent
8
Q
Prostate Cancer Risk Factor
A
- Advanced age
- Androgen exposure
- Family history (2x risk father/brother)
- African decent (2x more likely than Caucasian)
- Western diet
9
Q
Prostate Cancer Presentation
A
- Majority asymptomatic
- Screening at age 50
- Occur in peripheral zone
- Elevated prostate specific antigen (PSA)
10
Q
Prostate Cancer Diagnosis
A
- Prostate biopsy
- Transrectal ultrasound
11
Q
Prostate Cancer Treatment
A
- Surgery (prostatectomy)
- Radiation
- Chemo (metastatic)
- Hormone therapy (androgen deprivation)
- Active surveillance
12
Q
Prostate Cancer Prognosis
A
- Gleason grade
- Stage
- Pre-treatment PSA
- Often good
13
Q
Testicular Cancer
A
- Less common malignancy
- Most common in 15-34
- Majority germ cell tumours
- Peak at 30 years
14
Q
Testicular Cancer Risk Factors
A
- Undescended testicle (cryptorchidism)
- Caucasians 5x higher risk
- Family history 10x risk
- Previous testicle cancer
15
Q
Testicular Cancer Presentation
A
- Painless testicle enlargement
- Metastasis (lungs, lymph nodes)
- Subtype varies from primary tumour
