Module 10 Flashcards
What does passive transport involve?
Diffusion
Passive transport is a fundamental mechanism by which substances move across cell membranes.
What results in selective permeability of cell membranes?
Combination of lipids and proteins
Selective permeability allows cells to control the substances that enter and exit.
What is passive transport?
Movement of molecules by diffusion
Passive transport does not require energy input from the cell.
In passive transport, where do molecules move from and to?
From regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration
This movement continues until equilibrium is reached.
What are the two types of diffusion involved in passive transport?
Simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion
Simple diffusion occurs directly through the membrane, while facilitated diffusion involves transport proteins.
What does active transport require?
Energy
Active transport moves molecules from regions of lower concentration to regions of higher concentration.
What is primary active transport?
Uses the chemical energy stored in ATP
Primary active transport directly utilizes ATP for energy.
What is secondary active transport?
Uses the energy stored in an electrochemical gradient
Secondary active transport relies on the energy from gradients created by primary active transport.
What is endocytosis?
A process in which a vesicle is formed by invagination of the cell membrane
Endocytosis takes in molecules from the extracellular space to the cell interior.
What is phagocytosis?
A form of endocytosis where microorganisms, dead cells, or large particles are engulfed
Phagocytosis involves the digestion of engulfed materials in lysosomes.
What is exocytosis?
A process in which a vesicle fuses with the cell membrane, releasing its contents
Exocytosis allows for the transport of large molecules out of the cell.
