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Anaphy > module 1 pt 4 > Flashcards

module 1 pt 4 Flashcards

1
Q

2 type of neuroglial cells (PNS)

A

Schwann cells and satellite cells

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2
Q

what are schwann cells

A

myelinate fibers of PNS; assist in the regeneration of
damaged fibers

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3
Q

What are satellite cells

A

surround cell bodies in ganglia; regulate the chemical environment of the neurons

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4
Q

Basic function of organisms

A

Organization
Responsiveness
Growth and differentiation
reproduction
movement
metabolism and excretion

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5
Q

is an increase in size of a body part or the organism. It is usually accomplished by increasing the number of cells

A

growth

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6
Q

occurs when substances such as blood, foodstuffs, and urine are propelled through internal organs

A

movement

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7
Q

It includes the activities promoted by the muscular system , the skeletal system provides the bony framework that the muscles pull on as they work.

A

movement

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8
Q

the muscle cell’s ability to move by shortening is more precisely called ________.

A

contractility

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9
Q

is the ability to sense changes (stimuli) in the environment and then respond to them

ex. pulling away hands from painful stimulus

A

Responsiveness/Irritability

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10
Q

is the breaking down of ingested foodstuffs to simple molecules that can be absorbed into the blood.

A

digestion

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11
Q

one-celled organism that itself is the “digestion factory”

A

amoeba

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12
Q

is a broad term that includes all chemical reactions that occur within body cells

A

metabolism

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13
Q

Differentiate catabolism and anabolism

A

catabolism is the breaking down substances into their simpler building blocks
anabolism is synthesizing more complex cellular structures from simpler substance

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14
Q

True of false:
Metabolism is regulated largely by hormones secreted by endocrine system glands

A

true

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15
Q

What is excretion

A

is the process of removing excreta (ek-skre′tah), or wastes, from the body

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16
Q

How does digestive system excrete waste

A

in feces

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17
Q

system that disposes of nitrogen-containing metabolic wastes, such as urea, in urine.

A

urinary system

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18
Q

is making a whole new person which is the major task of the reproductive system.

A

Reproduction

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19
Q

system that releases hormones that regulates the reproductive system

A

endocrine system

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20
Q

What happens during reproduction

A

a sperm unites with an egg, a fertilized egg forms, which then develops into a baby within the mother’s body.

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21
Q

Reproductive structures provide the site for fertilization of eggs by sperm, then protect and nurture the developing fetus until birth

A

Female’s reproductive structure

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22
Q

system that provides Protection of the Body from Hazards

A

Integumentary system

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23
Q

system that Interprets Sensory

A

Nervous system

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24
Q

function of Skeletal system

A

Provides Support and Structure

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25
Q

function of endocrine system

A

Facilitates Metabolic Activities

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26
Q

system that provides movements

A

muscular system

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27
Q

Function of Cardiovascular system

A

Distributes Blood

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28
Q

System that Defends against infection

A

Lymphatic system

29
Q

Role of Urinary system

A

Excretes water products

30
Q

Function of Respiratory system

A

Provides Oxygen

31
Q

system that Absorbs Nutrients

A

digestive system

32
Q

Function of Reproductive system

A

Reproduction

33
Q

What are the major organs of integumentary system

A

skin
hair
sweat glands
nails

34
Q

This protects body against environmental hazards, regulate body temperatures and provide sensory information

A

integumentary system

35
Q

This is composed of the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and sense organs

A

nervous system

36
Q

Function of nervous system

A

Directs immediate responses to stimuli, coordinates or moderate activities of other organ systems, and provides and interprets sensory information

37
Q

Major organs of skeletal system

A

bones
cartilages
ligaments
bone marrow

38
Q

Provides support and protection for other tissues

A

skeletal system

39
Q

Composed of pituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, gonads and endocrine tissues

A

endocrine system

40
Q

This direct long-term changes in the activities of other organ system and Adjust metabolic activity

A

endocrine system

41
Q

This generates heats that maintains body temperature

A

muscular system

42
Q

Distributes heat and assists in control of body temperature

A

cardiovascular system

43
Q

Organ system that defends against infection and disease, and returns tissue fluids to the bloodstream

A

Lymphatic system

44
Q

Major organs of lymphatic system

A

spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and tonsils

45
Q

a system that excretes waste from blood, controls water balance, stores urine and regulate blood ion concentrations

A

urinary system

46
Q

What is homeostasis

A

state of balance or equilibrium in the body

47
Q

It is responsible for keeping internal environment within certain limits.

A

Homeostatic regulation

48
Q

What are the two general points within homeostasis
internal environment

A

Autoregulation or intrinsic regulation (negative feedback) and Extrinsic regulation (positive feedback)

49
Q

Differentiate intrinsic regulation from extrinsic regulation

A

intrinsic regulation – results when cell, organ or system adjusts its activity automatically

Extrinsic regulation - results from activity of nervous system or endocrine system

50
Q

Example of positive feedback

A

Blood clotting

51
Q

Temperature regulation is an example of what feedback

A

negative feed back

52
Q

are typically found when a potentially dangerous process must be completed before homeostasis can be restored.

A

Positive Feedback

53
Q

Feedback that tends to produce extreme responses

A

positive feedback

54
Q

body automatically adjusts its activity

A

Negative Feedback

55
Q

Type of feedback:
Muscle tissue relaxes and dilates blood vessels, sweat glands accelerate their secretion. The skin acts like a radiator by losing heat to the environment and the evaporation of sweat speeds up the process.

A

negative feedback

56
Q

refers to the process of keeping a state of balance in the body

A

Homeostasis

57
Q

what does interdependence mean

A

systems must work together to support human life

58
Q

The muscular and skeletal systems work together to produce movement is an example of?

A

interdependence

59
Q

is a disordered or incorrectly functioning organ, part, structure, or system of the body

A

Disease

60
Q

What are the causes of disease

A

-Genetic or developmental errors
-Infection
-Poisons
-Nutritional deficiencies or imbalance
-Toxicity
-Unfavorable environmental factors

61
Q

Difference of signs and symptoms

A

Signs of disease are objective; they can be measured while Symptoms of disease are subjective. Symptoms
can’t be observed by another person, only the ill person experiences them

62
Q

Example of sign of diseases

A

fever, high blood pressure and rash

63
Q

example of symptoms of disease

A

Dizziness, Pain, Blurry vision

64
Q

What are the different abnormal cells growth

A

atrophy
hyperplasia
metaplasia
dysplasia
neoplasia

65
Q

What is atrophy

A

a decrease in size of cells as a result of age or disease

66
Q

an increase in the number of cells

A

hyperplasia

67
Q

what is metaplasia

A

cells being replaced by another type of cell

68
Q

what is dysplasia

A

cells changing in shape or organization

69
Q

what is neoplasia

A

cells changing in structure with an uncontrolled growth pattern

Anaphy (5 decks)

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