module 1 pt 4

Question 1

2 type of neuroglial cells (PNS)

Answer 1

Schwann cells and satellite cells

Question 2

what are schwann cells

Answer 2

myelinate fibers of PNS; assist in the regeneration of
damaged fibers

Question 3

What are satellite cells

Answer 3

surround cell bodies in ganglia; regulate the chemical environment of the neurons

Question 4

Basic function of organisms

Answer 4

Organization
Responsiveness
Growth and differentiation
reproduction
movement
metabolism and excretion

Question 5

is an increase in size of a body part or the organism. It is usually accomplished by increasing the number of cells

Answer 5

growth

Question 6

occurs when substances such as blood, foodstuffs, and urine are propelled through internal organs

Answer 6

movement

Question 7

It includes the activities promoted by the muscular system , the skeletal system provides the bony framework that the muscles pull on as they work.

Answer 7

movement

Question 8

the muscle cell’s ability to move by shortening is more precisely called ________.

Answer 8

contractility

Question 9

is the ability to sense changes (stimuli) in the environment and then respond to them

ex. pulling away hands from painful stimulus

Answer 9

Responsiveness/Irritability

Question 10

is the breaking down of ingested foodstuffs to simple molecules that can be absorbed into the blood.

Answer 10

digestion

Question 11

one-celled organism that itself is the “digestion factory”

Answer 11

amoeba

Question 12

is a broad term that includes all chemical reactions that occur within body cells

Answer 12

metabolism

Question 13

Differentiate catabolism and anabolism

Answer 13

catabolism is the breaking down substances into their simpler building blocks
anabolism is synthesizing more complex cellular structures from simpler substance

Question 14

True of false:
Metabolism is regulated largely by hormones secreted by endocrine system glands

Answer 14

true

Question 15

What is excretion

Answer 15

is the process of removing excreta (ek-skre′tah), or wastes, from the body

Question 16

How does digestive system excrete waste

Answer 16

in feces

Question 17

system that disposes of nitrogen-containing metabolic wastes, such as urea, in urine.

Answer 17

urinary system

Question 18

is making a whole new person which is the major task of the reproductive system.

Answer 18

Reproduction

Question 19

system that releases hormones that regulates the reproductive system

Answer 19

endocrine system

Question 20

What happens during reproduction

Answer 20

a sperm unites with an egg, a fertilized egg forms, which then develops into a baby within the mother’s body.

Question 21

Reproductive structures provide the site for fertilization of eggs by sperm, then protect and nurture the developing fetus until birth

Answer 21

Female’s reproductive structure

Question 22

system that provides Protection of the Body from Hazards

Answer 22

Integumentary system

Question 23

system that Interprets Sensory

Answer 23

Nervous system

Question 24

function of Skeletal system

Answer 24

Provides Support and Structure

Question 25

function of endocrine system

Answer 25

Facilitates Metabolic Activities

Question 26

system that provides movements

Answer 26

muscular system

Question 27

Function of Cardiovascular system

Answer 27

Distributes Blood

Question 28

System that Defends against infection

Answer 28

Lymphatic system

Question 29

Role of Urinary system

Answer 29

Excretes water products

Question 30

Function of Respiratory system

Answer 30

Provides Oxygen

Question 31

system that Absorbs Nutrients

Answer 31

digestive system

Question 32

Function of Reproductive system

Answer 32

Reproduction

Question 33

What are the major organs of integumentary system

Answer 33

skin hair sweat glands nails

Question 34

This protects body against environmental hazards, regulate body temperatures and provide sensory information

Answer 34

integumentary system

Question 35

This is composed of the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and sense organs

Answer 35

nervous system

Question 36

Function of nervous system

Answer 36

Directs immediate responses to stimuli, coordinates or moderate activities of other organ systems, and provides and interprets sensory information

Question 37

Major organs of skeletal system

Answer 37

bones cartilages ligaments bone marrow

Question 38

Provides support and protection for other tissues

Answer 38

skeletal system

Question 39

Composed of pituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, gonads and endocrine tissues

Answer 39

endocrine system

Question 40

This direct long-term changes in the activities of other organ system and Adjust metabolic activity

Answer 40

endocrine system

Question 41

This generates heats that maintains body temperature

Answer 41

muscular system

Question 42

Distributes heat and assists in control of body temperature

Answer 42

cardiovascular system

Question 43

Organ system that defends against infection and disease, and returns tissue fluids to the bloodstream

Answer 43

Lymphatic system

Question 44

Major organs of lymphatic system

Answer 44

spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and tonsils

Question 45

a system that excretes waste from blood, controls water balance, stores urine and regulate blood ion concentrations

Answer 45

urinary system

Question 46

What is homeostasis

Answer 46

state of balance or equilibrium in the body

Question 47

It is responsible for keeping internal environment within certain limits.

Answer 47

Homeostatic regulation

Question 48

What are the two general points within homeostasis internal environment

Answer 48

Autoregulation or intrinsic regulation (negative feedback) and Extrinsic regulation (positive feedback)

Question 49

Differentiate intrinsic regulation from extrinsic regulation

Answer 49

intrinsic regulation – results when cell, organ or system adjusts its activity automatically Extrinsic regulation - results from activity of nervous system or endocrine system

Question 50

Example of positive feedback

Answer 50

Blood clotting

Question 51

Temperature regulation is an example of what feedback

Answer 51

negative feed back

Question 52

are typically found when a potentially dangerous process must be completed before homeostasis can be restored.

Answer 52

Positive Feedback

Question 53

Feedback that tends to produce extreme responses

Answer 53

positive feedback

Question 54

body automatically adjusts its activity

Answer 54

Negative Feedback

Question 55

Type of feedback: Muscle tissue relaxes and dilates blood vessels, sweat glands accelerate their secretion. The skin acts like a radiator by losing heat to the environment and the evaporation of sweat speeds up the process.

Answer 55

negative feedback

Question 56

refers to the process of keeping a state of balance in the body

Answer 56

Homeostasis

Question 57

what does interdependence mean

Answer 57

systems must work together to support human life

Question 58

The muscular and skeletal systems work together to produce movement is an example of?

Answer 58

interdependence

Question 59

is a disordered or incorrectly functioning organ, part, structure, or system of the body

Answer 59

Disease

Question 60

What are the causes of disease

Answer 60

-Genetic or developmental errors -Infection -Poisons -Nutritional deficiencies or imbalance -Toxicity -Unfavorable environmental factors

Question 61

Difference of signs and symptoms

Answer 61

Signs of disease are objective; they can be measured while Symptoms of disease are subjective. Symptoms can’t be observed by another person, only the ill person experiences them

Question 62

Example of sign of diseases

Answer 62

fever, high blood pressure and rash

Question 63

example of symptoms of disease

Answer 63

Dizziness, Pain, Blurry vision

Question 64

What are the different abnormal cells growth

Answer 64

atrophy hyperplasia metaplasia dysplasia neoplasia

Question 65

What is atrophy

Answer 65

a decrease in size of cells as a result of age or disease

Question 66

an increase in the number of cells

Answer 66

hyperplasia

Question 67

what is metaplasia

Answer 67

cells being replaced by another type of cell

Question 68

what is dysplasia

Answer 68

cells changing in shape or organization

Question 69

what is neoplasia

Answer 69

cells changing in structure with an uncontrolled growth pattern