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Anaphy > module 1 pt 2 > Flashcards

module 1 pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Differentiate smooth and rough er

A

Smooth er has ribosomes attached and rought er does not. smooth er produce lipids while rough er synthesiszes proteins and lipids and also transport

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2
Q

Packaging factory

A

Golgi apparatus

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3
Q

What is Golgi apparatus

A

Series of flattened or closely stacked membranous sacs near the nucleus that coats enzymes

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4
Q

What makes centrioles unique

A

They are only found in animal cells

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5
Q

These are two small bundles of cytoskeleton arranged at right angles to one another and surrounded by then cytoplasm

A

Centrioles

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6
Q

Small suicide sacs filled with digestive enzyme used to breakdown molecules within the cell

A

Lysosomes

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7
Q

What do lysosomes do

A

They digest worn out cell parts of food particles, viruses, or bacterias

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8
Q

Where can you find lysosomes

A

They bud off from the Golgi bodies

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9
Q

What are vacuoles

A

Storage vessels found within the cell

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10
Q

These are specialized vacuoles to remove excess water from unicellular aquatic organisms

A

Contractile vacuole

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11
Q

Differentiate the vacuoles of plant cells and animal cells

A

Plant cells has large vacuoles animal cells has small or absent vacuoles

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12
Q

They provide structure for the body, take nutrients from food, convert nutrients to energy and carry out specialized functions

A

Human cells

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13
Q

Four basic types of tissues

A

Epithelial
connective
muscle
nervous

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14
Q

Large sheets of cell covering all the surface of the body externally

A

Epithelial tissues

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15
Q

Where are epithelial tissue located

A

-Located at the skin or epidermis
-inside hollow organs or outside of organs
-above connective tissue layer

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16
Q

covers the outside of the body and lines the inside of the body

A

Skin

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17
Q

What are serous membrane

A

2 thin layers of tissues joined together

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18
Q

Cells that secrete fluids

A

Pleural and pericardial serous membrane

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19
Q

It is the outer part of the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity

A

Parietal membrane

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20
Q

What are the functions of epithelial tissues

A

-Protects from physical and chemical injury
-protects against microbial infection
-response to stimuli filter -secretes and reabsorbs materials
-lubricate joints

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21
Q

What are the three basic shapes of epithelial tissues

A

Squamous, cuboidal, columnar

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22
Q

Difference of squamous cuboidal and columnar tissues

A

Squamous-round like
cuboidal-cubes
Columnar-long and column like

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23
Q

Difference of simple and stratified epithelial tissues

A

Simple single layer of cells and are found where absorption and filtration occurs
stratified multi layer of cells and are common in areas where protection is needed

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24
Q

The other term for stratified cuboidal

A

Transitional

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25
Q

What is pseudostratified

A

Stratified columnar

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26
Q

Tissue that connects supports Binds, or separate other tissues or organs

A

Connective tissue

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27
Q

It has few cells embedded in an amorphous matrix

A

Connective tissues

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28
Q

It is the most abundant and widely distributed tissue

A

Connective tissue

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29
Q

Connective tissues are often with

A

Collagen, fibers, cartilaginous, fatty and elastic tissues

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30
Q

What are connective tissues composed of

A

-Cells (fibroblast)
-fibers and ground substances (extracellular matrix)

31
Q

What are the functions of connective tissues

A

-Architectural framework of the body
-Bind together and provide mechanical support for other tissues
-Wound repair
-transport substances within the body
-stores fuel reserves
-insulation

32
Q

These are called ground substance

A

Extracellular matrix

33
Q

What are the three fibers in connective tissues

A

Collagen
reticular
elastic

34
Q

What are the types of collagen and where are they located

A

Fibril-forming/ fobril- associated - skin, tendon, Cartilage, bone, dentin, blood vessels
Cross-linked networks
-in all basement membranes

35
Q

These Are specialized collagen associated with smooth muscle subjected to changes in volume

A

Reticular fibers

36
Q

Type of fiber that formed the stroma in lymphatic and hematopoietic organs

A

Reticular fibers

37
Q

These are thin or fenestrated sheets composed of glycoprotein and protein elastin

A

Elastic fibers

38
Q

What are protein elastin

A

Gives elastic properties to tissues that experience repeated deformation

39
Q

What are the two classifications of connective tissue proper

A

Loose and dense connective tissue

40
Q

It is a gel like matrix with all three connective tissue fibers

A

Aerolar connective tissue

41
Q

What are the three types of loose connective tissue proper

A

Areolar connective tissue adipose connective tissue reticular connective tissue

42
Q

What are the differences of Aerolar, adipose, and reticular connective tissue

A

Aerolar tissue has a gel like matrix while Adipose has similar matrix but with closely packed adipocytes and reticular has loose ground fibers with reticular fibers

43
Q

What are the function of areolar connective tissue

A

-Wraps and cushions organs
-it’s macrophages phagocytize bacteria -has a role in inflammation
-holds and conveys tissue fluid

44
Q

Where are Aerolar connective tissue located

A

Distributed under epithelia of body and surrounds capillaries

45
Q

It has similar matrix to aerolar but with closely packed adipocytes

A

Adipose connective tissue

46
Q

This Connective tissue provides reserve food fuel and insulates against heat loss and support and protect organs

A

Adipose tissues

47
Q

Where are adipose connective tissue located

A

Under the skin
abdomen
eyeballs
kidneys
breasts

48
Q

It is a connective tissue with loose ground fibers with reticular fibers

A

Reticular connective tissue

49
Q

What is the function of a reticular connective tissue

A

Forms a soft internal skeleton (stroma) that supports other cell types like white blood cells, mast cells, and macrophages

50
Q

Where are reticular connective tissue located

A

Lymph nodes
bone marrow and
spleen

51
Q

A connective tissue proper that has parallel collagen fibers with a few elastic fibers

A

Dense regular

52
Q

This attaches muscle to bone, muscle to muscle, bone to bone and withstand great tensile stress when pulling force is applied in one direction

A

Dense regular

53
Q

Where are dense regular located

A

Tendons, ligaments and aponeurosis

54
Q

These are irregularly arranged collagen fibers

A

Dense irregular

55
Q

This is a type of connective tissue proper that can withstand tension exerted in many directions and provides structural strength

A

Dense irregular

56
Q

Where are dense irregular connective tissue located

A

-Dermis of the skin
-submucosa of digestive tract
-fibrous capsules of organs and joints

57
Q

What are the three types of cartilage connective tissue

A

Hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, fibrocartilage cartilage

58
Q

Amorphous but firm matrix with imperptible network of collagen fibers

A

Hyaline cartilage

59
Q

These are found in the embryonic skeleton and end of long bones, trachea, and larynx

A

Hyaline cartilage

60
Q

What produces the matrix and where does chondrocytes lie

A

Chondroblasts produces the matrix and chondrocytes lie in lacunae

61
Q

What is the function of a hyaline cartilage

A

Supports, reinforces, cushions, resist compression, and forms the costal cartilage

62
Q

What forms the costal cartilage

A

Hyaline cartilage

63
Q

It has similar matrix to hyaline but less firm with thick collagen fibers

A

Fibrocartilage cartilage

64
Q

What is the function of a fibrocartilage cartilage

A

Tensile strength with the ability to absorb compressive shock

65
Q

Where are fibrocartilage cartilage located

A

Intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, and knee joint discs

66
Q

It has a similar matrix to hyaline but more elastic

A

Elastic cartilage

67
Q

What is the function of an elastic cartilage

A

Maintains the shape of a structure while allowing great flexibility

68
Q

Where are the elastic cartilage located

A

External ear (pinna) and epiglotis

69
Q

Another term for osseous tissue

A

Bone

70
Q

It is hard calcified matrix containing many collagen fibers in bones

A

Osseus tissue

71
Q

Where are osteocytes found

A

Found in lacunae and are well vascularized

72
Q

What are the function of osseous tissue or bone

A

-It supports and protects -provides levers for the muscles to act on
-stores calcium minerals and fats
-Marrow is site for blood cell formation

73
Q

What do you call blood cell formation

A

Hematopoiesis

74
Q

These are red and white blood cells in a fluid matrix or plasma

A

Blood

Anaphy (5 decks)

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