Module 1: Introduction to Physiology

Question 1

physiology

Answer 1

The study of body function
includes:
- mechanisms to maintain homeostasis and control internal and external environments
- how physical and chemical factors help control the body to stay normal or develop disease

Question 2

internal environment

Answer 2

the fluid cells are in
includes:
- interstitial fluid
- blood plasma

Question 3

homeostasis

Answer 3

the ability for the body to maintain normal conditions by using feedback loops

Question 4

negative feedback loop

Answer 4

a loop that includes a set point, control centre, effector, controlled variable and sensor
signalling results in changes to keep the body normal

Question 5

body temperature regulation

Answer 5

the set point: 37 degrees celsius 
sensor: nerves
control centre: hypothalamus 
reactor: organs
control variable: shivering (for warmth); sweating (for cooling)

Question 6

positive feedback loop

Answer 6

a feedback loop that includes a set point, control centre, effector, controlled variable and sensor and enhances a change rapidly

Question 7

supporting systems of feedback loops

Answer 7

nervous system

endocrine system

Question 8

the body’s structural hierarchy

Answer 8

atom - molecule - macromolecule - organelle - cell - tissue - organ - system