Module 1 definitions Flashcards
ATP
Adenosine triphosphate
Releases energy
Formed form molecule of ribose, adenine and 3 phosphate groups
Amino acid
Monomers contain an amino group (NH2) a carboxylic group (COOH) and a variable R group that make up proteins
Protein monomer
Benedicts test
Biochemical test used to test for reducing sugars that produces a different colour based on the amount of reducing sugar present
Brick red is positive
Must heat in a water bath
Biuret test
Test for peptide bonds
Test for proteins
Turns purple if present
Cellulose
Polysaccharide made of beta glucose that is used as a structural polysaccharide which provides strength to plant cell walls
Condensation reaction
Type of reaction that joins two molecules together with the formation of a chemical bond involving the elimination of a molecule of water
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Information storing molecule made of deoxyribonucleotide monomers joined together by phosphodiester bonds to form a double helix
Dipeptide
Molecules formed by the condensation of 2 amino acids
Disaccharide
Molecule formed by the condensation of 2 monosaccharides
DNA helicase
Enzyme that breaks the hydrogen bonds between 2 dna strands in the DNA molecule that is going to be replicated
DNA polymerase
Enzyme that catalysts the condensation reactions between the new nucleotides in the synthesis of the new DNA strand
Enzyme
Protein molecule that acts as a biological catalyst and increases the rate of biochemical reactions
Glycogen
Highly branched polysaccharide made of alpha glucose monomers that is used as the main storage of energy in humans and animals
Glycosidic bond
Bond between 2 monosaccharides formed in a condensation reaction
Heat capacity
Amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 degree Celsius