Module 1 - Body Organization

Question 1

What is standard anatomical position?

Answer 1

=  reference  position  
–standing  erect  
–head  level  and  eyes  forward  
–arms  at  the  sides  and  palms  facing  forward  
–feet  together

Question 2

What are the 2 forearm positions?

Answer 2

Supine:
palms face forward
radius and ulna are parallel

Prone:
palms face backwards
radius and ulna are crossed

Question 3

What are the 11 major body regions?

Answer 3

Cephalic
Cervical
Thoracic
Abdominal
Pelvic
Pubic
Pedal
Lower Limb
Manus
Upper Limb 
Back

Question 4

Each body region contains what 3 things?

Answer 4

1. a common name
2. an anatomical latin term
3. an adjective that is used when describing the body region

Question 5

What are directional terms?

Answer 5

terms used to describe the position of the body part in relation to another
grouped in pairs with opposite meanings

Question 6

What does superior mean?

Answer 6

Above; toward the head or the upper part of the body

Question 7

What does inferior mean?

Answer 7

Below; toward the feet or the lower part of the body

Question 8

What does anterior (ventral) mean?

Answer 8

toward the front (belly surface) of the body

Question 9

What does posterior (dorsal) mean?

Answer 9

toward the back (vertebral surface) of the body

Question 10

What does medial mean?

Answer 10

toward the body midline

Question 11

What does lateral mean?

Answer 11

toward the side of the body or away from the body midline

Question 12

What does proximal mean?

Answer 12

toward the attachment of a limb to the trunk; nearer to the point of origin

Question 13

What does distal mean?

Answer 13

away from the attachment of a limb to the trunk; far from the point of origin

Question 14

What is superficial?

Answer 14

nearer the body surface

Question 15

What is deep?

Answer 15

farther away from the body surface

Question 16

What is a plane?

Answer 16

an imaginary flat surface that passes through the body or an organ along a particular axis or line of orientation
the cut produced by the plane is called a section

Question 17

What is the transverse (horizontal) plane?

Answer 17

divides the body or an organ into superior and inferior portions

Question 18

What is frontal (coronal) plane

Answer 18

divides the body or an organ into anterior and posterior portions

Question 19

What is sagittal plane?

Answer 19

divides the body or an organ into right and left sides

Question 20

What is midsagittal plane?

Answer 20

divides the body into equal right and left sides

Question 21

what is parasagittal plane?

Answer 21

divides the body into unequal right and left portions

Question 22

What are body cavities?

Answer 22

spaces within the body that protect, support and permit movement of internal organs

Question 23

What are the two main body cavities

Answer 23

1. dorsal

2. ventral

Question 24

What are the organs within the ventral cavity called?

Answer 24

viscera

Question 25

What is the dorsal body cavity comprised of?

Answer 25

1. cranial cavity formed by the skull and contains the brain 2. vertebral cavity formed by the vertebral column and contains the spinal cord

Question 26

What is the ventral body cavity comprised of?

Answer 26

Divided by the diaphragm muscle into 2 parts - thoracic cavity: superior, contains the lungs, heart and the mediastinum - abdominopelvic cavity: inferior, contains the abdominal and pelvic cavities

Question 27

What is the thoracic cavity formed by?

Answer 27

ribs, chest muscles, sternum and vertebral column

Question 28

What is the mediastinum?

Answer 28

- central portion of the thoracic cavity between the lungs | - extends from the sternum to the vertebral column; first rib to the diaphragm

Question 29

what organs and structures is in the mediastinum?

Answer 29

the heart, trachea, thymus gland, pericardial sac, esophagus

Question 30

What is the abdominopelvic cavity comprised of?

Answer 30

1. abdominal cavity | 2. pelvic cavity

Question 31

What organs and structures are in the abdominal cavity?

Answer 31

liver, stomach, spleen, gallbladder, pancreas, kidneys, ureters, and most of the intestines

Question 32

What organs and structures are in the abdominal cavity?

Answer 32

bladder, urethra, internal reproductive organs, and the rectum

Question 33

What are the abdominopelvic quadrants?

Answer 33

- divides the abdominopelvic cavity into 4 regions - horizontal and vertical lines pass through the navel (umbilicus) - used by clinicans to describe the location of pain, a mass or abnormality