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Biochemistry and molecular science > Module 1 > Flashcards

Module 1 Flashcards

Amino acids and peptides

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does exergonic mean

A

Delta G is negative: Free energy released, favourable, spontaneous

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2
Q

What does endergonic mean

A

Delta G is positive: Free energy absorbed. Unfavourable, not spontaneous

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3
Q

What does exothermic mean

A

Delta H is negative: Heat released

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4
Q

What does endothermic mean

A

Delta H is positive: heat absorbed

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5
Q

What does positive delta S mean

A

less disorder, low entropy, not spontaneous

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6
Q

What does negative delta S mean

A

more disorder, high entropy, spontaneous

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7
Q

What is the equation to find delta G

A

Delta G= Delta Gnode + RTln([C][D]/[A][B])

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8
Q

What are the 3 ways to make unfavourable reaction go

A

Remove products faster than it produce, Add reactants faster than it removes, Couple unfavourable reaction with highly favourable reaction

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9
Q

What is a nucleotide

A

base + sugar + phosphate

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10
Q

What is nucleoside

A

base + sugar

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11
Q

What are the properties that amino acid have to carry out biological functions

A

Able to polymerise, useful acid-base properties, varied physical properties, varied chemical functionality

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12
Q

Alanine

A

CH3, A, Ala, nonpolar

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13
Q

Cysteine

A

CH2-SH, C, Cys, polar uncharged

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14
Q

Aspartate

A

CH2-COO-, D, Asp. negatively charged

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15
Q

Glutamate

A

CH2-CH2-COO-, E, Glu, Negatively charged

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16
Q

Phenylalanine

A

CH2-cyclic, F, Phe, Aromatic

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17
Q

Gylcine

A

H, G, Gly, nonpolar

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18
Q

Histidine

A

CH2-C=-CH NH-CH=N, H, His, Positively charged

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19
Q

Isoleucine

A

C—H CH3 CH2-CH3, I, Ile, nonpolar

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20
Q

Lysine

A

CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-NH3+, K, Lys, positively charged

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21
Q

Leucine

A

CH2-CH–CH3 CH3, L, Leu, nonpolar

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22
Q

Methionine

A

CH2-CH2-S-CH3, M, Met, nonpolar

23
Q

Asparagine

A

CH2-C-=NH2 O, N, Asn, polar uncharged

24
Q

Proline

A

CH2-CH2-CH2(connects to amine), P, Pro, nonpolar

25
Q

Glutamine

A

CH2-CH2-C-=NH2 O, Q, Gln, polar uncharged

26
Q

Arginine

A

CH2-CH2-CH2-NH-C-=NH2 NH2, R, Arg, positively charged

27
Q

Serine

A

CH2OH, S, Ser, polar

28
Q

Threonine

A

C—H OH CH3, T, Thr, polar

29
Q

Valine

A

CH–CH3 CH3, V, Val, nonpolar

30
Q

Tryptophan

A

CH2-C=CH-NH-(Cyclic), W, Trp, aromatic

31
Q

Tyrosine

A

CH2-(cyclic)-OH, Y, Tyr, aromatic

32
Q

pKa of Asp/Glu

A

4.4

33
Q

pKa of C-ter

A

3.1

34
Q

pKa of N-ter

A

8.0

35
Q

pKa of His

A

7

36
Q

pKa of Cys

A

8.5

37
Q

pKa of Tyr

A

10

38
Q

pKa of Lys

A

10

39
Q

pKa of Arg

A

12

40
Q

What acts as a chelate

A

Acidic side chains

41
Q

Which 2 aa are not very chemically reactive

A

Ser and Thr

42
Q

what are the aliphatic side chains

A

Leu, Ile, ala, val, pro

43
Q

What aa can form disulfide bonds

A

Cysteine

44
Q

Types representing protein structures

A

Worm/tube backbone, ribbon backbone, space-filling heavy atoms, line

45
Q

What peptide linkages is more favourable

A

trans

46
Q

Where is the omega angle

A

the carbon with a oxygen and nitrogen

47
Q

Where is the phi angle

A

N-C alpha

48
Q

Where is the psi angle

A

C alpha - C

49
Q

What are the polar amino acid

A

Serine, threonine, cysteine, asparagine, glutamine 5aa

50
Q

What are the non-polar aa

A

glycine,alanine, proline, valine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine 7aa

51
Q

Aromatic aa

A

phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan 3aa

52
Q

Positively charged aa

A

lysine, arginine, histidine 3aa

53
Q

Negative charge aa

A

aspartate, glutamate 2aa

Biochemistry and molecular science (12 decks)

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