Module 1

Question 1

What is the role of psychological assessment?

Answer 1

To help psychologists understand their clients so their can hypothesise about their behaviour, personality and capabilities.

Question 2

Why do psychologists conduct assessments?

Answer 2

To answer a specific question, solve a problem, integrate findings and/or make decisions about appropriate treatment

Question 3

What is Lightner Witmer’s credited with?

Answer 3

Establishing the first psychology clinic and intoducing the term ‘clinical psychology’

Question 4

Who introduced the scientist-practitioner model?

Answer 4

David Shakow.

Question 5

What is the name for a type of psychological assessment that involves the examination of antecedents and consequences of behaviour?

Answer 5

Behavioural assessment.

Question 6

What type of reinforcement involves a consequence delivered immediately following a behaviour that increases the likelihood of that behaviour?

Answer 6

Positive reinforcement

Question 7

What type of reinforcement involves removing an aversive stimuli to increase the likelihood of a behaviour recurring in the future?

Answer 7

Negative reinforcement

Question 8

What is the first step of behavioural assessment?

Answer 8

Selecting and defining target behaviours

Question 9

Before reducing or removing a behaviour, you must first consider what?

Answer 9

Whether the individual will need alternatives to that behaviour, e.g. in the case of self-harm

Question 10

Name methods of behavioural assessment.

Answer 10

Behavioural interview, behavioural observation, behavioural questionnaires and inventories, psychophysiological assessment.

Question 11

What six factors need to be considered when conducting a behavioural assessment?

Answer 11

• Topography
• Amount (frequency, duration)
• Intensity
• Stimulus control
• Latency
• Quality

Question 12

Behavioural interventions are based on the theory that behaviour is learned and can therefore be _______

Answer 12

changed.

Question 13

What is the term for empirically based techniques used to increase or decrease a particular behaviour or reaction?

Answer 13

Behaviour modification.

Question 14

What is the difference between differential reinforcement of alternate (DRA) behaviour and differential reinforcement of incompatible (DRI) behaviour?

Answer 14

DRA involves reinforcing an alternative to the problem behaviour, whereas DRI involves reinforcing a behaviour that is incompatible with the problem behaviour.

Question 15

The idea that conscious thoughts, beliefs and assumptions are central to the development of disorders or the premise of which psychological intervention?

Answer 15

CBT

Question 16

What is socratic questioning?

Answer 16

A principle of CBT that involves the clinician guiding the client with questions that encourage reflection.

Question 17

Psychological assessment considers the interaction between _______ and _______.

Answer 17

individual characteristics, biopsychosocial context

Question 18

Clinical practice is informed by

Answer 18

Empirical research

Question 19

Which document authored by the APS provides a comprehensive overview of the efficacy of a broad range of psychological interventions for psychological disorders?

Answer 19

Evidence-based psychological interventions in the treatment of mental disorders: A literature review (4th edition)

Question 20

What is the term for systematically developed statements that assist clinicians, consumers and policy makers to make appropriate health care decisions.

Answer 20

Clinical practice guidelines

Question 21

What are the levels of the NMHRC quality of evidence pyramid?

Answer 21

I - Systematic review of relevant randomised trials
II - Evidence from atleast one randomised trial
III - Pseudo randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, case controlled studies
IV - Case series

Question 22

What is considered best practice for Australian psychological service delivery?

Answer 22

The delivery of evidence-based psychological interventions by appropriately trained medical professionals.

Question 23

What is the name for an experimental study in which empirical and measurable data are gathered and analysed to answer a research question?

Answer 23

Randomised control-trial

Question 24

Evidence-based psychology evolved from….

Answer 24

Evidence-based medicine

Question 25

What is the biggest difference between EBT and EBP?

Answer 25

EBT’s focus on the treatment or intervention itself, and not on the expertise of the clinician delivering it.

Question 26

Behavioural assessment involves the direct investigation of behaviour by examining the _______ and ______ of behaviour

Answer 26

Antecedents, consequences

Question 27

What are the three basic techniques for recording behaviour during a specified period?

Answer 27

Continuous recording, interval recording, time sampling

Question 28

The term for the recording of every instance of a behaviour within a time period?

Answer 28

Continuous recording

Question 29

What is interval recording?

Answer 29

Recording a behaviour as either occurring or not occurring within a designated time period.

Question 30

What is time-sample recording?

Answer 30

Recording a behaviour as either occurring or not occurring during brief observation periods that are separated by longer periods of time.

Question 31

What are the three sources of error that might affect the accuracy of observations?

Answer 31

1. Response definition might be vague
2. Observational situation might make detecting behaviour difficult
3. Observer might be poorly trained, biased or unmotivated.

Question 32

Exposure, activity scheduling, relaxation, and behaviour modification are all examples of…

Answer 32

Techniques used for behavioural intervention.