Module 1 Flashcards
What is health?
- WHO - a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not merely absence of disease or infirmity
- Ottowa Charter for health promotion - social economic and environmental aspects of health - in order to be health an individual or group must be able to identity and to realize aspirations to satisfy needs and to change or cope with environment
What is healthcare?
services to maintain or improve health
What is Canada?
- colonial country
- constitutional monarchy
- federation
Why does Canada’s health care structures do or do not meet definition of a system?
- each province/territories has own healthcare system…
- 15+ systems…
What is a system?
a set of connected things or parts forming a complex whole, to accomplish a goal
What is primary, secondary, and tertiary care?
- primary - first point of contact
- secondary - services provided by medical services
- tertiary - more specialized consultative care usually in hospital
Primary care
- gatekeeper model
- patient choice of physician…up to a point
- limited rostering
- usually but not always family doc
- more physicians are contractors, not employees of gov
coordinating function & direct provision of first point of contact
characteristics of primary care from Starfield
- access - first contact care for each health concern
- continuity - patient focused care over time
- coordination - follow up when services needed elsewhere
- comprehensiveness - broad range of services where needed
what is primary health care
- approach to health policy and service provision that includes population level public health functions as well as individual patient care
What is public health
- populations
- role in individual level prevention
pharmaceutical
- inpatient drugs covered by public provincial insurance
- outpatient prescription drugs covered by some combo of - private, public, certain pop plan, out of pocket
true or false - the Canadian system is centrally planned and funded so that all Canadians receive the same services, no matter where they live
false
t or false in order to receive national accreditation medical and nursing schools must provide training in conflict resolution, human rights, racism, cultures
false
Canada has among the highest out of pocket costs for health care among OECD nations
false
What is a constitutional monarchy
head of state is king or queen elected parliament passes legislation, prime minister head
What is federation
central “federal” government, 10 provincial govs 3 terr… both levels of government has equal power with different responsibilities
What are health systems
all organizations, people, and actions whose intent is to maintain or increase health
primary secondary and tertiary prevention
primary - intervention before evidence of disease or injury
secondary - intervention after disease but before symptomatic
tertiary - interventions after disease or injury
About what percent of Canadians use primary care each month?
25%
What may primary health care include additionally by WHO
- universal access
- commitment to health equity
- community participation
is emergency care by-in-large publicly or privately payed
Some out of pocket
is rehabilitation/intermediate care by-in-large publicly or privately payed
- inpatient rehab - covered by provincial healthcare systems
- outpatient rehab - covered by workers compensation, private health insurance, out of pocket payments, some covered by provincial
is pharmaceutical care by-in-large publicly or privately payed
- inpatient - covered by public providers insurance
-outpatient - covered by some combo of private insurance, public insurance (elderly, social assistance, FN and Inuit), out of pocket
Over the counter drugs by-in-large publicly or privately payed?
- covered for inpatient care
- outpatient out of pocket plus private insurance
Mental health care by-in-large publicly or privately payed
- treatment now largely an outpatient basis
- services by non-physician providers largely private (insurance or out of pocket)
home and long term care by-in-large publicly or privately payed
- mix of public, non-profit, for profit
informal caregivers by-in-large publicly or privately payed
- some financial support in form of tax credits and paid leave
dental care by-in-large publicly or privately payed
private health insurance or out of pocket
