Module 1

Question 1

According to
________ is an integral part of education which gives instructions in the development and care of the body ranging from simple callisthenic exercise to a course of study providing training in hygiene, gymnastics and the performance and management of athletic games.

Answer 1

Physical Education (Webster’s Dictionary)

Question 2

“The State [to] promote Physical Education and encourage sports program league competitions, and amateur sports including training for international competition to foster self-discipline, teamwork, and excellence for the development of a healthy and alert citizenry. All educational institutions shall undertake regular sports activities throughout the country and in cooperation with athletic club and other sectors.”

Answer 2

Article 14, Section 19 of the 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines mandates:

Question 3

“An integrated physical education and sports development program in all schools in the Philippines (Section 2) … the goal is to instill in young citizens a proper appreciation of the importance of physical development hand in with the mental development in individual and social activities (1) and the provision for “a well-rounded physical education program must be saddressed to physical growth, social training, and personal discipline for all pupils and students as well as superior athletic achievement for those who are psychologically inclined and physically gifted (2)

Answer 3

Republic Act No. 5708, known as The Schools Physical Education and Sports Development Act of 1969 provided for:

Question 4

Scope of Physical Education

Answer 4

Games and Sports:
Corrective Exercises:
Self Defense Activities:
Rhythmic Activities:
Yogic activities:
Recreational Activities:

Question 5

Various team games like hockey, football, cricket, basketball, and volleyball, etc., and individual events like athletics, wrestling, boxing, judo, and archery are included in the programs of physical education. Swimming, diving, canoeing, etc.

Answer 5

Games and Sports

Question 6

help to remove the deformities in the body of a child. Sometimes these defects are there because of defects in muscle development and for that, we use light corrective exercises.

Answer 6

Corrective exercises

Question 7

Arnis, Judo, karate, and self-defense activities are included in the programs of physical education.

Answer 7

Self Defense Activities

Question 8

Gymnastics, Dance, mass physical training, and Dumbbell, etc. are rhythmical activities necessary for rhythm and balance. Rhythmical activities are also included in the programs of physical education.

Answer 8

Rhythmic Activities

Question 9

activities such as Asana, Pranayama, Kriyas, etc. are included in Physical education.

Answer 9

Yogic activities

Question 10

activities like minor games, chess, carom, horse riding, education campus, hunting, folk dance, fishing, etc are included in the programs of physical education.

Answer 10

Recreational activities

Question 11

Objectives of Physical Education

Answer 11

Physical Development
Social Development
Emotional Development
Mental Development

Question 12

Through cautiously selected physical education activities, an individual who participates energetically will develop and maintain good health and a high level of physical fitness. The attainment of physical skills can motivate an individual who participates furthering physical activities; hence, his growth and development will be improved.

Answer 12

Physical Development

Question 13

Involvement in Physical Education activities provide opportunities for the development of enviable social traits needed for adjustment to the social life in general.
Some worthwhile traits are:
Friendliness
Cooperation
Respect for the rights of others
Good sportsmanship
Good leadership and followership
Honesty in group competition

Answer 13

Social Development

Question 14

The informal nature of physical education activities offers opportunities for selfexpression and emotional mastery. Examples of worthwhile emotional traits are: Self-confidence
Self-control
Self-reliance
Courage
Determination

Answer 14

Emotional Development

Question 15

Through participation in physical education activities, the individual develops his mental capacities as he learns the mechanical principles of underlying movements, as he obtains knowledge and understanding of the rules and strategies of the games and sports, and as he discovers ways of improving his movement in gymnastics and dance. Likewise, it enhances critical thinking how activities are done according to rules, regulations and strategies.

Answer 15

Mental Development

Question 16

Physical activities and exercises are proven to have a huge impact to physical fitness and health. The benefits that we can get in doing physical activities are undeniably necessary to our daily existence.

Answer 16

Concept of Physical Fitness

Question 17

is the ability of your body to carry out task without undue fatigue. With physically fit body, one can perform aspects in sports, occupations and daily activities. Physical fitness is generally achieved through proper nutrition, moderate to vigorous physical exercises and sufficient rest.

Answer 17

Physical fitness

Question 18

“A set of attributes that people have or achieve that relate to their ability to perform physical activity”

Answer 18

Physical Fitness according to( Howley and Franks).

Question 19

“A set of attributes, primarily respiratory and cardiovascular, relating to the ability to perform tasks requiring expenditure of energy”

Answer 19

Physical Fitness according to (Stedman’s Concise Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions).

Question 20

is defined as any movement carried out by skeletal muscle that requires enough energy and is focused on building health.

Answer 20

Physical activity

Question 21

is a physical activity that is planned, structured and has repetitive movements intended to improve fitness. It significantly improves general health, good heart health, increased in muscle size and improve flexibility.

Answer 21

Physical Exercise

Question 22

components of physical fitness

Answer 22

*Health-related fitness components
*Skill-related fitness components

Question 23

Health-related fitness components consist of:

Answer 23

*cardiorespiratory endurance
*muscular strength
*muscular endurance
*flexibility
*body composition

Question 24

Skill-related fitness components include:

Answer 24

*agility
*balance
*coordination
*speed
*power
*Reaction time

Question 25

“The state of physical and physiological characteristics that define the risk levels for the premature development of diseases or morbid conditions presenting a relationship with a sedentary mode of life” (Bouchard and Shephard).

Answer 25

Health-Related Fitness Components

Question 26

(CRE) is the ability of the cardiovascular system (heart, blood, blood vessels) and respiratory system (lungs, air passages) to deliver oxygen and other nutrients to the working muscles and to remove wastes. Tests that involve running (e.g., 20 m shuttle run test), cycling, and swimming can be used to measure this fitness component. Aerobic power (maximal oxygen consumption) and aerobic capacity are terms used to describe CRE fitness.

Answer 26

Cardiorespiratory endurance

Question 27

are physical activities that involve large muscle groups. While engaging in _________, people begin to notice their breathing, but they can still talk fairly easily.

Answer 27

Light activities

Question 28

are physical activities that cause breathing and heart rate to increase. People engaging in____________ can hear themselves breathe, but they can still talk.

Answer 28

Moderate activities

Question 29

are physical activities that cause breathing and heart rate to increase to a higher level, making it difficult to talk.

Answer 29

Vigorous activities

Question 30

is the ability of a muscle, or a group of muscles, to exert force for a brief period of time. Strength of different muscles can be measured by having a person perform weightlifting exercises and determining the maximum amount of weight the person can lift. A person’s strength can be expressed as absolute strength (the actual weight lifted) or as relative strength (the weight lifted, divided by the person’s body weight).

Answer 30

Muscular strength

Question 31

is the ability of a muscle, or a group of muscles, to sustain repeated contractions or to continue applying force against a fixed object. Pushups and curl-ups are often used to test muscular endurance. The person’s endurance is expressed as the number of repetitions completed without stopping for a set period of time (often one minute).

Answer 31

Muscular endurance

Question 32

is the ability to move joints through their full range of motion. The sit and- reach test is a good measure of flexibility of the lower back and the backs of the upper legs (hamstrings).

Answer 32

Flexibility

Question 33

refers to the makeup of the body in terms of lean mass (muscle, bone, vital tissue, and organs) and fat mass.

Answer 33

Body composition

Question 34

It relates to the ability to rapidly change the position of the entire body in space with speed and accuracy.

Answer 34

Agility

Question 35

It is the maintenance of equilibrium while stationary or moving.

Answer 35

Balance

Question 36

The ability to use the senses, such as sight and hearing, together with body parts in performing motor task smoothly and accurately.

Answer 36

Coordination

Question 37

The ability of to the rate at which one can perform work. It is a combination of speed and strength.

Answer 37

Power

Question 38

It relates to the ability to perform movement within a short period of time.

Answer 38

Speed

Question 39

This relates to the elapsed between stimulation and the beginning of the reaction to it.

Answer 39

Reaction Time

Question 40

Physical Fitness Principles

Answer 40

Specificity Overload Reversibility Progression Diminishing returns Individual differences Principles of Adaptation to Stress Rest, Recovery and Periodization

Question 41

The type of training in which individuals engage should be directed specifically at improving their abilities in life.

Answer 41

Specificity

Question 42

If a person works often (frequency) enough, hard (intensity) enough, and long (duration) enough to load the body above its resting level, physical fitness will improve. If this is done regularly over a period of time, the body will gradually adapt to the increase in demands.

Answer 42

Overload

Question 43

Physical fitness or the effects of a physical activity program or an exercise program cannot be stored. If a person stops training for a period of time (three to five days, in some cases) a process of detraining will begin. The gains in fitness that were made begin to reverse themselves. If no exercise is done for a long enough period, fitness levels can revert to the original starting point.

Answer 43

Reversibility

Question 44

Increasing the frequency, intensity, and/or duration of an activity over periods of time is necessary for continued improvement in physical fitness. Improvements in physical fitness are realized fairly rapidly at the onset of an exercise or training program.

Answer 44

Progression

Question 45

The fitter a person becomes, the more difficult it is to continue to become fitter at the same rate. Individuals who begin jogging can, over a relatively short time, improve the speed and duration of their runs. However, experienced distance runners may have to spend an entire training season to decrease their run time by just a few seconds.

Answer 45

Diminishing returns

Question 46

Every person has a unique physical and psychological makeup that requires a unique training program. Factors that may play a role are current fitness level, gender, age, heredity, susceptibility to injury, rest and recovery needs, and diet. Two people working out with the same program could experience completely different results.

Answer 46

Individual differences

Question 47

The human body adapt well when exposed to stress. The term stress, within the context of exercise, is defined as an exertion above the normal, everyday functioning. The specific activities that result in stress vary each individual and depend on a person’s level of fitness. For example, an avid runner resistance training may expose the runner’s muscles to muscular contractions that the athlete is not accustomed to feeling.

Answer 47

Principles of Adaptation to Stress

Question 48

Is also called Principle of Recuperation. It suggests that rest and recovery from the stress of exercise must take place in proportionate amounts to avoid too much stress. Periodization suggest that training plans incorporate phase of stress followed by phases of rest. It can be organized on a daily, weekly, monthly and even in multi annual cycle

Answer 48

Rest, Recovery and Periodization

Question 49

A well-designed personal physical activity plan will outline how often (frequency), how long (time), and how hard (intensity) a person exercises, and what kinds of exercises (type) are selected. The exercise frequency, intensity, time, and type (__________) are key components of any fitness plan or routine.

Answer 49

The FITT Principle