module 1

Question 1

is one that has some ability: to evaluate the actions of others in relation to itself and third parties, to remember some of its own actions and their consequences, to assess risk, to have some feelings and to have some degree of awareness

Answer 1

sentient being

Question 2

Probably all vertebrates, some invertebrates, including e.g. squid,
octopus and possibly some crustaceans

Answer 2

sentient animals

Question 3

is the capacity to experience suffering and pleasure

Answer 3

sentience

Question 4

means that animals can feel pain and suffer and experience positive emotions

Answer 4

animal sentience

Question 5

is based on decades of scientific evidence from neuroscience, behavioural sciences and cognitive ethology

Answer 5

animal sentience

Question 6

To suffer, an animal must be

Answer 6

sentient

Question 7

One or more bad feelings continuing for more than a short period

Answer 7

suffering

Question 8

Using a “human-based” assessment may be a useful first step

Answer 8

anthropomorphism

Question 9

must be qualified with scientific evidence and information to meet and treat the individual animals’ needs

Answer 9

Anthropomorphic assessments

Question 10

concerns the quality of an animal’s life, not how long the life lasts

Answer 10

welfare

Question 11

How an animal dies is a welfare concern High mortality rates are indicative of poor welfare

Answer 11

death

Question 12

Three approaches when considering
animal welfare

Answer 12

physical
mental
aspects of naturalness

Question 13

The welfare of an animal is its state as regards its attempts to cope with its environment

Answer 13

physical

Question 14

Neither health nor lack of stress nor fitness is necessary and/or sufficient to conclude that an animal has good welfare. Welfare is dependent
upon what animals feel

Answer 14

mental

Question 15

In principle, we disapprove of a degree ofconfinement of an animal which necessarily frustrates most of the major activities which make up its natural behaviour

Answer 15

natural behaviour

Question 16

The Five Freedoms

Answer 16

1. Freedom from hunger and thirst.
2. Freedom from (thermal) discomfort.
3. Freedom from pain, injury and disease.
4. Freedom to express normal behaviour.
5. Freedom from fear and distress.

Question 17

animal’s state – physical functioning, mental state and natural behaviour

Answer 17

animal welfare