Module 1 Flashcards
Philosophy comes from two Greek words, what are these?
Philos and Sophia
Philos means?
lover
Sophia means?
wisdom
Philosophy, in its _____sense, means that it is a quest for more and deeper knowledge thus it is a search for meaningful wisdom.
etymological
Philosophy is ______ because it uses reason as its main instrument in finding answers to its fundamental questions. It does not use experience nor experimentation. It uses ideas and reason alone to give justification to its answers.
rational
Philosophy is both a ____ and an ____.
science and art
Philosophy is science because ?
-it is governed by certain rules and principles
-deals with tangible reality and facts
-deals with the world surrounding man
Philosophy is art because?
-has methods and techniques to follow
-because it is practical and is used in everyday life
All things refer in philosophy are ___ and ____
material things and immaterial beings
Philosophy aims to find the ______
ultimate cause
What are other words for ultimate cause?
spring
origin
source
fountain
birthplace
cradle
infancy
nursery
babyhood
fount
Philosophy is answerable thru _____ alone
human reason
Study of Existence
Metaphysics
Study of Knowledge
Epistemology
Study of action
ethics
study of force
politics
study of art
aesthetics
According to Commission on Higher Education, ethics is?
Ethics deals with principles of ethical behavior in modern society at the level of the person, society, and in interaction with the environment and other shared resources
refers to how a person lives his life
behavior
ethics is concerned with your?
character
What are the four kinds of ethics?
Descriptive
Normative
Applied
Meta
describes and compares the ethical norms in different societies
Descriptive
investigates the questions that arise
when considering how we oughtto behave and what ethical norms should we follow
normative
process of applying normative principles and arguments to particular situations
applied
examines what moral language is about and how it can be justified.
meta
Meta in Greek means
beyond
deals with what people actually believe (or made to believe) to be right or wrong, and accordingly holds up the human actions as acceptable or not acceptable or punishable under a custom or la w.
descriptive ethics
descriptive ethics is also called ____ because?
comparative ethics
compares the ethics of the past and present, ethics of one society and other
descriptive ethics takes inputs from other disciplines such as ?
anthropology
psychology
sociology
history
deals with “norms”
normative ethics
set of considerations how one should act
norms
it’s a study of “ethical action” and sets out the rightness or wrongness ofthe actions.
normative ethics
normative ethics is also called as
prescriptive ethics
What is the golden rule of normative ethics?
doing to other as we want them to do to us
is a branch of ethics devoted to the treatment of moral problems, practices, and policies in personal life, professions, technology, and government
applied ethics
can be described as the philosophical study of the nature of moral judgment
metaethics
What are the elements of moral experience?
The moral agent
The Moral Act
The Reason or Framework
What are the components of the Human Act?
Knowledge
Freedom
Voluntariness
Ethics deals primarily with
moral experience
is what you encounter in your life.
moral experience
This element refers to the doer of a moral behavior and this definitely includes you.
The Moral Agent
This element refers to the activity of the moral agent. It shows the behavior of the agent and/or it expresses the character of the agent
The Moral Act
This element answers the question why and how such a moral act is right or wrong. It captures the reasons of the moral agent for doing the moral act
The reason or framework
refers to your activity which you perform knowingly, freely and willingly
human act
A human act is performed consciously. You must be aware of your action,
knowledge
A human act is performed freely. You must perform an action with free choice, with your own power, not by being forced by somebody or something else.
freedom
A human act is performed willingly. Your action must come from your own willfulness.
voluntariness
refers to your actions that are not done deliberately. In other words, ______ is involuntary or instinctive.
act of human
are those rules that only belong to a particular group of people. These standards do not necessarily entail a universal norm. They refer to your taste or preference. They deal more on the technicality of what to do.
Non-moral standards
refers to a set of principles that are aimed for universalization of a harmonious and good life. It usually applies to all human acts.
moral standards
Philosophia est scientia rationalis omnium rerum per supremas
causas.
Philosophy is the rational science of all things through their ultimate causes
The target of morality is the _____ not the _____
human act
act of human
