Deo Flashcards
something that promotes happiness or pleasure.
good
Bentham’s Utilitarianism is closely associated with
hedonism
Man is endowed with the gift of
reason
He argues that human understanding is the source of the general laws of nature that structure all our experience; and that human reason gives itself the moral law, which is our basis for belief in God, freedom, and immortality
Immnuel Kant
a theory that suggests actions are good or bad according to a clear set of rules
deontological ethics
comes from the Greek word “deon
duty
is living with rules, doing the duties, and exercising the rationality of man.
moral life
Kant’s aim was to find the highest moral law / highest principle and that for him is the
categorical imperative
is an unconditional commandment.
categorical imperative
Categorical imperative in 3 wy
universalizability
humnity
autonomy
For Kant, Ethics is based on
duty
duty in turn is based on
understanding
the property of objects that produces more pleasure than pain
principle of utility
morality is based on the production of utility; thus, it classifies as consequential in nature
utilitarianism
Happiness in this tradition is translated to
pleasure
Suffice to say, its concept of a moral and ethical course of action depends on the
consequences of utility
jurist and political reformer is the philosopher whose name is most closely associated with the foundational era of the modern utilitarian tradition.
Jeremy Bentham
Bentham was influenced by
proto-utilitarian
The aim is to fix the social standard of society by providing criteria to evaluate good or bad laws, norms, or social practices. But for this to be possible,
is used as a method.
normative ethical theory
principle of utility or utility is tied to the two sovereign masters
pain and pleasure
This idea of Bentham is influenced by
account of human nature in the manner that we are seeking what benefits us for the best living.
Thomas Hobbes
It is by inherent instinct that man pursues acts that enhance gratification and resists those that cause _______
dissatisfaction
refers to the value of things that generates more pleasure than pain.
utility
The danger of this argument opens morality for
bargaining
a formula to compute the amount of pleasure and pain produced
felicific calculations
factors that determine the outcome of the formulas are called
circumstances
hat are the factors for the felicific clculations
intensity
duration
certainty or uncertainty
propinquity or remoteness
fecundity
purity
extent
The most influential English language philosopher of the nineteenth century.
John Stuart Mill
Mill tells us that there are certain pleasures that are more appropriate than others; this accounts for
intellectual pleasures
Pleasures must be categorized and specified into two kinds based on where they correspond:
lower and higher faculties
refers to the experiences gained from the senses that man shares with the animals
lower faculties
refers to the pleasure gained from the rational capacity of the human being, which is only exclusive to him.
higher faculties
