Module 1 Flashcards
What is physiology?
The study of the normal functioning of a living organism and its components parts, including all its chemical and physical processes
What type of property is being described: properties of a complex system that cannot be explained by a knowledge of a systems individual components
Emergent property
What is tissue and what makes up tissue?
Tissue is a collection of cells carrying out related functions. Made up of cells.
What is an organ and what makes up an organ?
An organ is a formation of tissues into a structural and functional unit. Made up of tissue.
What is an organ system?
Integrated groups of organs
Function is considered a ____ approach.
Teleological (why)
Mechanism is considered a ____ approach.
Mechanistic (how)
Does physiology focus on the teleological or mechanistic approach?
Physiology focuses on the mechanistic approach, interested in “how” something happens
The ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment is known as what?
Homeostasis
What are some external and internal factors that could disrupt homeostasis in the human body?
External: toxic chemicals, physical trauma, pathogens
Internal: abnormal cell growth, autoimmune disorders, genetic factors
What type of fluid would we expect to find surrounding cells? What is the function of this fluid?
Extracellular fluid (ECF). Serves as a buffer between cells and the external environment
What is an example of ECF?
Blood plasma
Which cellular structure separates cells from the ECF
Cell membrane
If the amount of substance in the body is to remain constant, any gain must be offset by equal loss according to the ____.
Law of mass balance
Body compartments are in a ____ state.
Dynamic steady state
The idea that there is unequal amounts of ions between the ECF and ICF depicts a _____.
a) equilibrium
b) stable disequilibrium
c) homeostatic state
d) none of the above
b) stable disequilibrium
The two types of control systems are ___ and ___.
Local and reflex
Describe local control.
Restricted to tissues or cells involved
Describe reflex control.
Refers to any long distance pathway that uses the nervous, endocrine system or both
Reflex control is broken down into two parts: ____ and ___.
Response loop and feedback loop
What is the sole objective of control systems?
Maintain homeostasis
A feedback loop where the response opposes or removes the stimulus signal is known as ____.
a) Negative feedback
b) Positive feedback
c) Feedforward
d) Inhibition
a) Negative feedback
Labour is an example of which feedback loop?
a) Negative feedback
b) Positive feedback
c) Feedforward
d) Biorhythms
b) Positive feedback
Daniel starts salivating at the sight of food. This is an example of ____.
a) Natural response
b) Positive feedback
c) Negative feedback
d) Feedforward
d) Feedforward
