Mods1 Flashcards
What does “ana” mean?
up
Structures of the body
- What they are made of
* Where they are located
* Associated structures
anatomy
What does “tom” mean?
to cut or slice/dissection
How do the body parts work or function?
* Functions of anatomical structures
* Individual and cooperative functions
Physiology
Phsyi(greek) means?
function of nature
Logy(Greek) means
study of
It is the study of large body structures visible to the naked eye, lungs, heart, kidneys.
Gross (Macroscopic) Anatomy
What are the 5 parts of Gross (Macroscopic) Anatomy?
“Regional anatomy, Systemic Anatomy, Surface Anatomy
Sectional anatomy, Clinical anatomy, developmental anatomy”
All the structures in a particular region of the body, abdomen or leg- are being
examined at the same time
* body areas
Regional anatomy
The body structure is studied system by system.
* organ systems
Systemic anatomy
- cross sections
sectional anatomy
- cross sections
sectional anatomy
Study of internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin surface
* exterior features
Surface anatomy
Too small to be seen with the naked eye
Microscopic Anatomy
What are the two types of Microscopic Anatomy? (2)
Histology
Cytology
the study of tissues
Histology
the study of cells
Cytology
the study of cells
Cytology
traces structural changes that occur throughout the life span
Developmental Anatomy
Parts of Developmental Anatomy? (1)
Embryology
concerns developmental changes that occur before birth
Embryology
It concerns kidney function and urine production
renal physiology
How the nervous system functions.
Neurophysiology
Locating structures on or near the body
surface anatomy
examines heart and blood vessels
Cardiovascular Physiology
group of cells that perform a uniform function in our body
tissues
The body is standing erect, facing forward, arms down at the sid, with the palms turned forward”
anatomical position
Anatomical Position (2)
Supine, Prone
lying down, face up
Supine
lying down, face down
Prone
describe the relative position of one body part to another
Anatomical directions
Toward the end or upper part of a structure or the body;
Superior(cranial)
The head is ____ to the abdomen.
superior(cranial)
away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure of the body;
Inferior(Caudal)
The navel is ____ to the chin.
Inferior(Caudal)
Toward or at the front of the body;
Anterior(ventral)
The breastbone is ____ to the spine
anterior
Toward or at the midline of the body
posterior(dorsal)
The heart is ____ to the breastbone.
posterior(dorsal)
Toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of
Medial
The heart is _____ to the arm.
Medial
Away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of
Lateral
The arms are ____ to the chest.
Lateral
Between a more medial and a more lateral structure⇥ ⇤⇥ ⇤
intermediate
The collarbone is ____ between the breastbone and shoulder.
intermediate
Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk⇈ ⇈
proximal
The elbow is ____ to the wrist.
proximal
Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
Distal
The knee is ___ distal to the thigh.
Distal
Toward or at the body surface(gawas)
superficial(external)
The skin is ____ to the skeletal muscles.
superficial(external)
Away from the body surface; more internal(sulod)
Deep(internal)
The lungs are _______ to the skin.
Deep(internal)
Identify specific areas of the body.
Regional Terms
It refers to the main axis of the body– the head, neck, and trunk
axial region
It refers to the appendages– the arms and legs
appendicular region
nose
nasal region
Are used to describe how the body or an organ is divided into two parts
C. Body planes or sections
divide the body vertically, left and right
sagittal planes
divide the body vertically, left and right
sagittal planes
^^ — the plane is equal
midsagittal plane
^^—- unequal plane
parasagittal plane
Equal plane
midsagittal plane
If the right and left parts are equal, the plane is a?
midsagittal plane
If they’re an unequal plane.. it is a?
parasagittal plane
The plane divides the body or organ horizontally into the top (superior) and bottom (inferior parts). cross-section
transverse horizontal plane
divides the body or organ vertically into front (anterior) and rear(posterior)
frontal(coronal)
Enclosed areas that house organs
Body Cavities
What are the two parts of body cavities?
Ventral cavity and dorsal cavity
What are the subparts of the ventral cavity?
Thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity
What are the parts of thoracic cavity?
mediastinum, pleural cavities
The midportion of the thoracic cavity; heart and trachea are located here.
Mediastinum
The right lung is located here, left ung is located here
pleural cavities
What are the parts of the abdominopelvic cavity?
abdominal cavity
pelvic cavity
abdominopelvic regions
What are the parts of Dorsal Cavity?
cranial and spinal cavity
What cavity does the brain belong to?
cranial cavity
traces structural changes that occur throughout the life span
Developmental Anatomy
concerns developmental changes that occur before birth
Embryology
What cavity does the spinal cord belong to?
spinal cavity
Parts of Developmental Anatomy? (1)
Embryology
If the right and left parts are equal, the plane is a?
midsagittal plane
Is cranial the neck? True or False
True!
- medical specialties
Clinical anatomy
- from conception to
adulthood, including embryology
Developmental anatomy
- examines cells and molecules
Microscopic anatomy
- What are the different parts of Human Physiology?
Cell physiology:-
Organ physiology:-
Systemic physiology:-
Pathological physiology:-
functions of cells
Cell physiology:
functions of specific organs
Organ physiology:
functions of organ systems
Systemic physiology:
effects of diseases on organs
or systems
Pathological physiology:
is a slice through a three-dimensional object
section
- Used to visualize internal organization
- Important in radiological techniques
Sectional anatomy or section
used to investigate or diagnose conditions that affect soft tissue such as tumors or brain disorders
State the ACRONYM and what it stands for.
MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
PET stands for?
(Positron Emission Tomography)
scan of the abdomen
CT (Computed tomography)
A single view along a two-dimensional flat surface
Sectional plane
Vertical plane that divides body into anterior and
posterior portions
Frontal (coronal) plane
divides body into superior and
inferior portions
Transverse plane
