Modernisation theory and Neoliberalism Flashcards
traditional values
ascription
particularism
collectivism
ascription
social roles are based on gender or family background, not merit or talent
particularism
people are treated on the basis of membership of social groupings
collectivism
the group is seen as more important than the individual
modern values
achievement
universalism
individualism
achievement
people learn to work in competition for power and influence, and develop skills for their roles
universalism
people are valued on the basis of the role that they perform for society rather than other characteristics
individualism
people are motivated by a desire to improve themselves and their own position in life
which type of sociological theory does modernisation theory share ideas with
functionalism
What did the writers associated with Modernisation Theory (including parsons) want to create
a ‘blueprint’ for development
which would allow all countries to become like the successful countries of the Western World
what was the New World Order needed for
reduce fear of growing support for the communist style governments in Low income nations
ensure the rise of fascism in WW2 would never be repeated
assist with policies that would guide the newly independent ex colonies towards development
The Bretton Woods Conference 1944
Large international organisations established - IMF World Bank , UN
These institutions to create a stable climate for for international trade by harmonising members, monetary policies and maintaining exchange stabilityb.
world bank - to lend money to war-ravaged and impoverished countries for reconstruction and development projects
UN - 51 member states - maintain international peace and security
what does modernisation theory argue
there are stages of development that a country must go through in order to become modern
western capitalist society is the furthest along the road to development and undeveloped societies need to follow the same route - end result is economic prosperity and political stability
Walt Rostow’s 5 stages of development
Traditional society
Pre-conditions for take off
Take off
The drive to maturity
The age of mass consumption
Traditional society
economy based on agriculture
produce crops in order to survive instead of making profits
little wealth to invest - limited access to science, technology and industry
cultural barriers to development - people in traditional societies subscribe to traditional values that impede modernisation
