Modern World: World War I Review

Question 1

Militarism

Answer 1

Great pride in your country’s military

One of the MAIN causes of World War I

Germany practiced militarism by building up it’s army and navy before the war (like stockpiling weapons)

Question 2

Alliances

Answer 2

Agreements to “back each other up” against opposing countries

Example: Germany gives a blank check to Austria-Hungary

Hint: You should know the major alliances that led to World War I

Question 3

Imperialism

Answer 3

Taking over another country either by government control or by influence or colonies (usually a larger, European country influencing a smaller country)

Example: Great Britian and India

Question 4

Nationalism

Answer 4

Great pride in one’s country

One of the MAIN causes of World War I

Determined by language

Question 5

Pacifism

Answer 5

Opposition to all war

Question 6

Mobilization

Answer 6

To prepare a country’s military for war

Question 7

Kaiser William II

Answer 7

Leader of Germany

Rivalry with European rulers (family feud)

Question 8

Neutrality

Answer 8

A policy of supporting neither side in a war

The United States remained neutral throughout most of the war

Question 9

Archduke Francis Ferdinand

Answer 9

Assassinated by Serbian nationalists (Gavrilo Princip)

Leads to the start of WWI

Question 10

Gavrilo Princip

Answer 10

Assassinated Francis Ferdinand

Question 11

The Schlieffen Plan

Answer 11

General Alfred von Schlieffen’s plan to avoid a two front war.

The plan calls for Germany to defeat France quickly, then fight Russia.

Question 12

Stalemate

Answer 12

A deadlock in which neither side is able to defeat the other

Trench warfare leads to stalemates during battles, neither side can move.

Question 13

Battle of Verdun

Answer 13

German forces try to overtake French forces at Verdun

Lasts 11 months, over 500,000 men lost

Question 14

Battle of Somme

Answer 14

5 month battle, over 1 million soldiers killed, neither side gains an advantage

Worst day in British military history, 60,000 British soldiers killed or wounded in a single day

Question 15

Poison Gas

Answer 15

Introduced by Germany

Includes Mustard Gas and Chlorine

Question 16

Tanks

Answer 16

Introduced by Britain

Did little to break the stalemate

Question 17

Zeppelins

Answer 17

Used by Germany

Large gas-filled balloons used to bomb Britain

Question 18

U-boats

Answer 18

Used by Germany

Sank merchant ships carrying supplies to Britain

Ex: Sinking of the Lusitania

Question 19

Allied Powers (Entente)

Answer 19

Britain, France, Russia

Also: Serbia, United States, Italy

Question 20

Central Powers

Answer 20

Austria-Hungary, Germany, Ottoman Empire

Also: Bulgaria

Question 21

Propaganda

Answer 21

Spreading of ideas to damage views of the opposing cause

Ex: British cartoons that show the Germans as devils

Question 22

Total War

Answer 22

Using ALL of a nation’s resources for the war effort and ALL of a country’s citizens become involved in the war effort.

Question 23

No Man’s Land

Answer 23

Area between trenches in which no man could survive during the daylight hours

Question 24

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Answer 24

Signed between Russia and Germany. Ends Russian involvement in the war (early 1918).

Germany could now concentrate on the Western Front.

Question 25

Czar Nicholas II

Answer 25

Czar of Russia

Eventually he is overthrown, leading to the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Question 26

The Zimmerman Note

Answer 26

Arthur Zimmerman (from Germany) sends a note to Mexico that in return for Mexican support, Germany would support them in regaining territory lost to the U.S.

Leads to Anti-German feeling in the United States, one of the reasons the U.S. goes to war.

Question 27

Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Points

Answer 27

Issued by President Wilson in an effort to be a peacemaker

Includes policies such as self-determination (the right of people to choose their own form of government)

Question 28

Armistice

Answer 28

An agreement to end fighting

Germany signs an armistice with the Allies on November 11, at 11 AM (11/11)

Question 29

Reparations

Answer 29

Payments made for war damage

Germany takes the blame for the war and is forced by the Allies to make HUGE payments

Question 30

Paris Peace Conference

Answer 30

Dominated by the “Big Three”

1. Woodrow Wilson (U.S.)- brought his 14 Points
2. David Lloyd George (Great Britain)
3. Georges Clemenceau (France)- nicknamed the Tiger

Vittorio Orlando (Italy) wanted lands that had once belonged to Italy but were now part of Austria-Hungary

Question 31

Treaty of Versailles

Answer 31

Germany forced to sign and take blame. The reparations they would have to pay totaled over $30 BILLION

Other clauses aimed at weakening Germany