Ch. 3 Conquering the New World Flashcards
Conquistador
Spanish conquerors
Immunity
Resistance to disease
Ex: Natives had no immunity to small pox
Alliancesa
Agreements between tribes to help one another fight rival tribes
Ex: Malinche helped Cortes arrange alliances with tribes to fight the Aztecs.
Civil War
A war fought between groups of the same nation
Viceroy
Representatives who rule in the name of the Spanish king.
Plantation
Large estates run by an owner
Large numbers of workers were needed.
Encomienda
The right for conquistadors to demand labor from Native Americans
Peon
Workers forced to work in order to pay off a debt
Peninsulars
People born in Spain
Creole
People born in the New World rather than Spain
Mestizo
People of Native American and European descent
Mulattoe
People of African and European descent
Privateer
Pirates operating with approval from European governments
Cortes
Aztecs
Pizarro
Conquistador who conquers the Incans
Moctezuma
Aztec emperor who welcomes Cortes, but is later killed
Tenochtitlan
Capital of the Aztec empire, destroyed by Cortes
Atahualpa
Incan ruler who is killed by Pizarro
Las Casas
Against slavery of Native Americans
Brazil
Portuguese Colony
Made profits from cattle raising and sugar plantations
De Champlain
Built the first permanent French settlement in Quebec
Plymouth
English settlers land here in 1620
Jamestown
First permanent English colony
Learned to grow and export tobacco
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Puritan Colony
Established Harvard University
Mercantilism
Economic policy where a country exports more than it imports.
