CH. 6, The French Revolution Flashcards
Three Estates
First Estate- Clergy, pays NO taxes
Second Estate- Nobility, pays NO taxes
Third Estate- Everyone else (middle class, lower class, and peasants), pays ALL the taxes
Bourgeoisie
Middle Class
Tennis Court Oath
Members of the National Assembly vow to write a Constitution for the people of France
Storming the Bastille
Mob storms the Bastille, symbolic start of the Revolution
deficit spending
Government spending more money than it makes
Declaration of the Rights of Man
National Assembly writes the declaration
States, “all men are born and remain free and equal in rights”.
Women March on Versailles
A mob of women march to Versailles, angry they do not have bread
Refuse to leave until the king and his family move from Versailles to Paris
Civil Constitution of the Clergy
Bishops and priests become elected officials
Closes monasteries and convents
Constitution of 1791
Written by the National Assembly
Sets up a limited monarchy
Lawmakers would be elected by tax paying citizens
emigres
Nobles, clergy, and others who fled France to other countries
Declaration of Pilnitz
Monarchs in Prussia and Austria threaten to intervene to protect the French monarchy
Sans-Culottes
Working class men and women who held radical views
Jacobins
A radical political group made up mostly of lawyers and intellectuals
Committee of Public Safety
12 member committee who held almost absolute power in order to crush ALL opposition to the revolution
Reign of Terror
Period of time in which 16,000-40,000 people were executed for being enemies of the republic.
Executions were conducted by the guillotine
Marie Antoinette
Queen of France during the Revolution
Found guilty of treason and executed by the guillotine
Robespierre
Leader of the Committee of Public Safety and the Reign of Terror
Napoleon
Famous army general who gained favor with the French public and was named emperor of France.
Used his military background to wage wars against Europe and gain territory for France.
Reformed many laws and created the Napoleonic Code
plebiscite
A ‘yes’ or ‘no’ vote.
Napoleonic Code
A new set of laws based on Enlightenment ideas of equality of all citizens, religious toleration, and advancement based on merit
Takes away women’s rights
annex
Add an area outright
Example: Napoleon annexes, or adds, parts of Italy to France’s empire
Louis XVI
King of France during the Revolution
Found guilty of treason and executed by the guillotine
blockade
Purposely shutting off ports to keep people or supplies from moving in or out
Example: Napoleon closes European ports to Britain
guerilla warfare
literally translates to ‘little war’.
Example: Spain wages guerilla warfare against Napoleon
