Modern Judaism (COP)

Question 1

Who founded Progressive Judaism and when?

Answer 1

German Jews in the 1700s.

Question 2

Enlightenment period

Answer 2

Period of science, critical & rational thoughts, and secularism.

Question 3

Emancipation

Answer 3

Removal and elimination of any inequities applied specifically to Jews.

Question 4

Progressive beliefs - Torah

Answer 4

Torah is a God-inspired document that was written by humans. It should be revised and re-interpreted to suit the changing modern world.

Question 5

Progressive beliefs - Jewish practice

Answer 5

Individuals make own decisions about which beliefs and practices to follow. (Ethical teachings > commandments & customs)

Question 6

Progressive practices

Answer 6

Practices are flexible, and many customs are not compulsory.

Question 7

Progressive practice - Clothing

Answer 7

Not required to wear strict traditional clothing

Question 8

Progressive practice - Sabbath

Answer 8

Not strictly observed

Question 9

Progressive practice - Kosher diet

Answer 9

Reject kosher diet

Question 10

Progressive practices - Services

Answer 10

• Shorter
• In local language
• Involve choir

Question 11

Progressive practices - interfaith marriage

Answer 11

Interfaith marriage allowed

Question 12

Why was Orthodox Judaism formed?

Answer 12

Response to Progressive Judaism

Question 13

Fill in the blanks

Orthodox Judaism is not an… or… denomination, and includes several different…

Answer 13

Orthodox Judaism is not an organised or unified denomination, and includes several different traditional groups.

Question 14

Orthodox beliefs - Torah

Answer 14

Whole Torah (written and oral) dictated by God to Moses - considered true word of God. Attempts to adapt laws = watering down god’s teachings.

Question 15

Orthodox practices - Laws/commandments

Answer 15

Strictly observe all 613 commandments

Question 16

Orthodox practices - Kosher diet

Answer 16

Obey Kosher diet

Question 17

Orthodox practices - Sabbath

Answer 17

Avoid all activity on Sabbath

Question 18

Orthodox practices - Services

Answer 18

Delivered in Hebrew

Question 19

Orthodox practices - Interfaith marriage

Answer 19

Interfaith marriage not permitted.

Question 20

Ultra Orthodox practices - engagement with society

Answer 20

• Most traditional (avoid secular society)
• Modest attire
• Men have beards, wear hats & suits

Question 21

Modern Orthodox practices - engagement with society

Answer 21

Engage with modern world but still commit to strict observance of laws & traditions.

Question 22

Who formed Conservative Judaism, where, when, and why?

Answer 22

Zacharias Frankel in USA, 1886, in response to Progressive and Orthodox Judaism.

Question 23

Finish the sentence

Conservative Judaism was led by Rabbis who…

Answer 23

Liked the idea of embracing the modern world, but thought Progressive Judaism was too extreme.

Question 24

Conservative Judaism

Answer 24

Middle ground between Progressive and Orthodox

Question 25

Progressive/reform Judaism

Answer 25

Least traditional and strict

Question 26

Orthodox Judaism

Answer 26

Most traditional and strict

Question 27

Conservative beliefs - Torah

Answer 27

Laws are divinely inspired and should be observed, however adaptations can be made if there is good reason.

Question 28

Conservative practices - Sabbath

Answer 28

Encouraged but not compulsory, accommodations made for those who need to drive to services on Sabbath.

Question 28

Conservative practices - Kosher diet

Answer 28

Encouraged but not compulsory

Question 29

Conservative practices - Interfaith marriage

Answer 29

Interfaith marriage discouraged

Question 29

Conservative practices - clothing

Answer 29

Men wear Yarmulke (skullcap)

Question 30

Conservative practices - Services

Answer 30

Services delivered in a mix of Hebrew and local language

Question 31

Conservative practices - Women

Answer 31

Allows and ordains female Rabbis, allow men and women to sit together in services.