ModB Voc Week2 Flashcards
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Condition is both treatable and preventable. Develops slowly, making hard for the affected person to breath. Includes two conditions:
emphysema: thinning and eventual destruction of the alveoli, This usually accompanies chronic bronchitis
Chronic bronchitis: inflammation of the bronchial tunes, excessive production of mucus, and diminished activity of the cilia. Main cause is smoking tobacco. Other causes include secondhand smoke, air pollution, dust, and chemical fumes. Can also be caused by an alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency.
Peak flow meters
Measures the amount of air exhaled. A peak flow rate is measure using a manual or digital peak flow meter in an ambulatory care or home setting. it is used to diagnose acute conditions and manage chronic diseases, such as asthma
Pulmonologist
Specialist involve in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disorders of the respiratory system
Oxygen Saturation
Saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO2)
Total lung capacity (TLC)
Maximum amount of air in the lungs with maximum inhalation
Hyperventilating
Abnormally increase breathing
Tachycardia
A rapid but regular heart rate; one that exceeds a 100 beats per minute
Bradycardia
A slow heart breath; a pulse below 60 beats per minute
Electrocardiogram
ECG, EKG A record or recording of electrical impulses of the heart produces by an electrocardiograph
Einthoven’s traiangle
Bipolar or standard leads named I, II, and III. Joining the end points (positive poles) of these three leads, you get the Einthoven triangle
Apnea
Abnormal, periodic cessation of breathing
Orthopnea
A condition of difficult breathing unless in a upright position
Pulmonary edema
An accumulation of fluid in the lung tissue caused by the inability if the heart to pump blood. It is often present in cases of congestive hearth failure
Trachea
Windpipe, lies in the space between the lungs, called the mediastinum
Epiglottis
A lidlike structure over the glottis that prevents food and liquids from entering the trachea when swallowing occurs
Bicupid Valve
AKA mitral valve. Found between the left atrium and ventricle and made up of two cusps or flaps
Tricuspid Valve
Found between the right atrium and the right ventricle and made up of three cusps
Endocardium
The inner thin endothelial layer that lines the chambers and valves
Myocardium
The middle and thickest layer of the heart, composed of cardiac muscles
Pericardium
Outer layer that covers the heart. A space separates the epicardium from the parietal pericardium, which loosely covers the heart like a sac. The two layers of the pericardium are serous membranes. As the heart beats, the two layers rub
Cardiomyopathy
Heart muscle becomes abnormal
