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DPT 773 - Integumentary > Modalitites > Flashcards

Modalitites Flashcards

1
Q

Define chronic wounds and explain why they may require adjunctive wound modalities.

A
  • Chronic wounds fail to respond to standard care and show stalled healing for over 30 days.
  • Adjunctive modalities can help reduce bioburden and necrotic tissue.
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2
Q

What are the main challenges in research supporting wound modalities?

A

Challenges include:

  • Patient-related variables
  • Wound-related variables
  • Treatment-related variables
  • Research-related problems
  • Manufacturer-sponsored research
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3
Q

List general indications for adjunctive wound modalities and considerations for selection.

A
  • Adjunctive modalities are indicated for chronic wounds needing enhanced healing.
  • Consider patient characteristics, wound location, treatment setting, and equipment.
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4
Q

What is the purpose of wound irrigation, and what pressures are recommended?

A
  • Removes debris, bacteria, and exudate
  • Recommended pressures are 4-15 psi
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5
Q

List the indications, contraindications, and common methods for wound irrigation.

A
  • indicated for all wound types
  • contraindicated in profuse bleeding
  • methods include syringe or pressurized saline
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6
Q

Describe the effects of whirlpool therapy and list its common indications.

A
  • softens necrotic tissue, promotes circulation, and reduces pain
  • indicated for infected wounds, thick eschar, and pain relief
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7
Q

What are the contraindications and disadvantages of whirlpool therapy?

A
  • Contraindicated in clean, granulating wounds and hydrophobic or seizure-prone patients.
  • Disadvantages include risk of maceration and cross-contamination.
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8
Q

What are the effects and recommended irrigation pressures for pulsed lavage?

A
  • facilitates debridement and improves granulation
  • 4-15 psi
  • includes suction to remove contaminants
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9
Q

List indications, precautions, and key setup considerations for pulsed lavage.

A
  • Indicated for wounds needing debridement
  • Precautions include exposed deep tissues and anticoagulant use
  • Requires clean room and PPE
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10
Q

What are the general purposes of electrical stimulation (ES) in wound care, and which types of wounds are typically treated?

A
  • ES promotes healing, manages inflammation, and enhances wound contraction
  • Suitable for all wound depths
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11
Q

Compare effects of the negative pole (cathode) vs. the positive pole (anode) in ES.

A
  • Cathode: decreases edema, promotes granulation, bactericidal.
  • Anode: promotes healing, coagulates protein, attracts macrophages.
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12
Q

What are contraindications for ES in wound care?

A

Untreated osteomyelitis, malignancy, heavy metal-based topical agents, pacemakers, and reflex center wounds.

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13
Q

Describe the method and common settings for ES, including polarity changes.

A

Frequency: 120 Hz,

Intensity: 75-200 V, submotor;

Change polarity every 1-3 days; 45-60 mins, 3-5 days/week.

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14
Q

What are the main purposes of high-frequency vs. low-frequency US in wound care?

A

High-frequency: improves collagen deposition and contraction.

Low-frequency: debridement, reduces wound bioburden.

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15
Q

Describe the indications, methods, and precautions for traditional high-frequency US.

A
  • Indicated for recalcitrant wounds;
  • Methods include direct or immersion;
  • Precautions include osteomyelitis and DVT.
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16
Q

Explain diathermy’s mechanism and effects on wound healing.

A

Uses RF energy for heating; increases circulation, fibroblast function, and nitric oxide release; contraindicated on moist wounds.

17
Q

Compare the effects and indications of UVB vs. UVC light in wound healing.

A

UVB induces inflammation and granulation

UVC is bactericidal, enhances granulation, and inactivates microorganisms.

18
Q

What are common delivery methods and contraindications for UV therapy?

A

- Delivered via LEDs or lasers;

- Contraindicated:

  • malignancy
  • DVT
  • deep vein thrombosis
19
Q

List the main purposes and effects of NPWT.

A
  • reduces edema
  • increases granulation
  • maintains moist environment
  • promotes wound contraction
  • decreases bioburden.
20
Q

Describe Negative Pressure Wound Therapy:

  • indications = ?
  • contraindications = ?
  • common settings = ?
A
  • Indicated for chronic and postsurgical wounds
  • contraindicated in necrotic or eschar wounds and exposed organs;
  • Pressure: 50-175 mmHg
21
Q

What are the setup steps and common disadvantages of NPWT?

A
  • Steps: irrigate, debride, apply foam, connect tubing, cover with drape.
  • Disadvantages: pain, mobility restriction, air-tight seal issues.
22
Q

What are the purposes and effects of HBO on wound healing?

A

Increases oxygen gradient, reduces bacteria, enhances angiogenesis, reduces edema; useful in ischemic wounds.

23
Q

List indications, contraindications, and general treatment protocol for HBO.

A
  • indications: gas gangrene, ischemia, osteomyelitis
  • contraindications: DVT, CHF, pregnancy; 2x/day–3x/week, 10-60 sessions.
24
Q

Explain the mechanisms of ESWT and CAP in wound healing.

A
  • Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT): enhances microcirculation and metabolism.
  • Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP): promotes fibroblast proliferation, keratinocyte growth, and angiogenesis.
25
Q

List the main criteria for selecting a wound modality for a specific patient.

A

Consider patient characteristics, wound type, treatment setting, availability, and modality pros/cons.

26
Q

What should be monitored when using adjunctive wound therapies, and when should a therapy be discontinued?

A

Monitor wound progress; discontinue if no improvement within 2 weeks.

27
Q

Explain the role of the clinical setting and available resources in wound modality choice.

A

Availability, equipment access, and patient tolerance all influence modality choice and practicality.

28
Q

Summarize the importance of modality effects, contraindications, and overall goal for wound adjunct therapies.

A

Understand effects, recognize contraindications, and aim to promote safe, effective healing by choosing suitable adjuncts.

DPT 773 - Integumentary (20 decks)

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