Mod IV: Pediatric Cardiac Output - Vital Signs Flashcards

1
Q

Pediatric Cardiac Output

The pediatric heart is noncompliant an has poorly developed LV. This places a limiting factor on their “Frank-starling” response. Because of this, what would happen if a bigger strecth is applied to the LV?

A

It will not necessarily yield a bigger squeeze

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Pediatric Cardiac Output

The pediatric heart is noncompliant and has poorly developed LV. “Frank-starling” response limited. How does this affect SV?

A

SV is limited

This means that the more you stretch the LV doesn’t necessarily equate to a bigger output

So if you think about CO as (SV x HR), SV will not be a factor that affect CO in the pediatric population

Instead the pediatric CO is very HR-dependent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pediatric Cardiac Output

What is a critical determinant of pediatric CO?

A

(HR)

CO = SV x HR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pediatric Cardiac Output

Why does vagal tone predominates in pediatrics predisposing them to bradycardia?

A

Pediatric PNS is fully developed

Whereas pediatric SNS is not fully developped

  • This is somewhat of a double-edge sword, because we just said that their CO is predominantly dependent on HR, so the higher the HR, the better their CO*
  • However, they are also predisposed to having vagal responses and to having bradycardia*
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pediatric Cardiac Output

T/F: Pediatrics are also Prone to CHF (neg. chronotropy)

A

True …

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pediatric Cardiac Output

T/F: Pediatrics are Sensitive to myocardial depression

A

True …

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pediatric Cardiac Output

What’s responsible for Hypotension without tachycardia in peds?

A

Immature baroreceptor reflexes

So they have Hallmark hypovolemia that manifest as Hypotension without tachycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pediatric Cardiac Output

Why do Pediatrics have an increase in their CO (2-3X’s adult)?

A

Higher metabolic O2 consumption/demand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pediatric Cardiac Output

What are normal Cardiac Output values for Pediatrics?

A

CO = 200-325 mL/kg/min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pediatric Cardiac Output

What’s the normal pediatric O2 consumption?

A

6-9 mL/kg/min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Pediatric Cardiac Output

What’s the normal adult O2 consumption?

A

3-4 mL/kg/min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pediatric Vital Signs

T/F: HR & BP vary with age

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pediatric Vital Signs

For children 1-10 y/o, how is typical SBP calculated?

A

SBP = 90 + (child’s age in yrs. x 2) mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pediatric Vital Signs

For children 1-10 y/o, how is Lower limits of SBP calculated?

A

Lower limits of SBP = 70 + (child’s age in yrs. X 2) mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pediatric Vital Signs

T/F: Maintain SBP at age-appropriate levels when under anesthesia

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pediatric Vital Signs

Where should you maintain HR, SBP, and DBP for a Preterm infant?

A

Preterm infant

HR: 120-180

SBP/DBP: (45-60)/30

17
Q

Pediatric Vital Signs

Where should you maintain HR, SBP, and DBP for a Term infant?

A

Term infant

HR: 100-180

SBP: 55-70

DBP: 40

18
Q

Pediatric Vital Signs

Where should you maintain HR, SBP, and DBP for a 1-year old infant?

A

1-year old infant

HR: 100-140

SBP: 70-100

DBP: 60

19
Q

Pediatric Vital Signs

Where should you maintain HR, SBP, and DBP for a 3-year old toddler?

A

3-year old toddler

HR: 84-115

SBP/DBP: (75-110)/70

20
Q

Pediatric Vital Signs

Where should you maintain HR, SBP, and DBP for a 5-year old small child?

A

5-year old small child

HR: 84-100

SBP/DBP: (80-120)/70