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MSK Conditions > MOD 5.1 Fracture Management > Flashcards

MOD 5.1 Fracture Management Flashcards

1
Q

What are the symptoms and signs of a possible fracture?

A
  • history of direct trauma
  • localized pain aggravated by movement
  • muscle guarding with passive movement
  • decreased function
  • swelling or deformity
  • sharp, localized tenderness at site
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2
Q

What are the benefits of progressive fracture treatment?

A
  • improved quality of life
  • more effective rehab
  • faster return to work
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3
Q

What are the 5 main things we want to know about a fracture?

A
  • mechanism
  • anatomical site
  • configuration displacement
  • articular involvement
  • soft tissue injury
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4
Q

What is configuration of displacement?

A
  • three planes of angulation
  • translation
  • shortening
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5
Q

What effect does a bending force have on a bone and which type of fracture is caused?

A

long bone bends causing failure on convex side, results in transverse or oblique fracture

greenstick in children

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6
Q

What effect does a twisting force have on a bone and what fracture is caused?

A

serial tension failure of long bone resulting in spiral fracture

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7
Q

What effect does a straight pulling force on a bone and which fracture is caused?

A

tension failure from pull of ligament or muscle

avulsion fracture

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8
Q

What effect does a crushing force have on a bone and what type of fracture is caused?

A

compression fracture or torus

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9
Q

What effect does a repetitive microtauma force have on a bone and what fracture is caused?

A

small crack in bone and fatigue or stress fracture

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10
Q

What effect does a normal force have on a abnormal bone and what fracture is caused?

A

pathological fracture

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11
Q

What is a type 1 salter Harris fracture?

A

fracture through the physis of a bone

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12
Q

What is a type 2 salter Harris fracture?

A

fracture partway through the physics extending up into the metaphysis

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13
Q

What is a type 3 salter Harris fracture?

A

fracture partway through the physis extending down into the epiphysis

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14
Q

What is a type 4 salter Harris fracture?

A

fracture through the metaphysis, physis, and epiphysis can lead to angulation deformities when healing

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15
Q

What is a type 5 salter Harris fracture?

A

crush injury to the physis

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16
Q

Why are salter Harris classifications important?

A

can lead to bone from stopping growing and can lead to limb length difference

17
Q

What are the goals of fracture treatment?

A
  • get fractures to heal in position
  • restore patient to optimal functional state
  • prevent fracture and soft tissue complications
18
Q

What is closed reduction

A
  • using manipulation or mechanical traction to move bones into place
19
Q

What is open reduction?

A

surgery to reduce fracture

20
Q

What are the contraindications of closed reduction?

A
  • fractures with severe soft tissue damage, joint involvement
  • inherently unstable fractures
  • multiple fractures
  • fractured in confused or uncooperative patients
21
Q

What are closed reduction method retention?

A
  • sustained traction
  • cast/splint
  • functional bracing
22
Q

What are open reduction retention methods?

A
  • internal fixation
  • external fixation
  • arthroplasty
23
Q

When is open reducation internal fixation indicated? (ORIF)

A
  • when closed reduction fails
  • when large articular fragment needs accurate positioning
  • for avulsion fractures
  • when operation is needed for associated injuries
24
Q

Which treatment of a fracture allows for sooner rehab an weight bearing?

A

operative

25
Q

Which form of treatment allows for faster healing?

A

non-operative

26
Q

When does the hard callus form after a bone fracture?

A

3-6 weeks

27
Q

When is a fracture healed in adults?

A

UE: 6-8 weeks
LE: 12-16 weeks

28
Q

When is a fracture healed in a child?

A

UE: 3-4 weeks
LE: 6-8 weeks

29
Q

When is a fracture healed radiologicially?

A
  • bridging callus formation
  • remodeling
30
Q

What factors affect fracture healing?

A
  • energy of injury
  • blood supply
  • the patient’s nutrition, fitness, smoking
  • method of treatment
  • site of fracture
  • magnitude of injury including soft tissue

MSK Conditions (13 decks)

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