MOD 2 Fundamental of Post Surgical Care Flashcards
What are some indications for surgical intervention?
- pain at rest or with activity
- marked limitation in motion
- gross instability of a joint or bony segment
- joint deformity or abnormal alignment
- significant structural degeneration
- chronic joint swelling
- failed non surgical or previous surgical intervention
What is included in pre operative exam and eval?
- pain
- ROM and joint integrity
- skin integrity
- MMT
What are ways to educate a patient before surgery?
- methods and rationale
- overview of the plan of care
- postoperative precautions
- bed mobility and transfers
- initial postoperative exercises
- gait training
- wound care
What is included in post operative management?
- post op exam and eval
- phases:
- max protection
- moderate protection
- minimum protection/return to function
- time based and criterion based progression
- putting rehab into perspective
What are the expectations of max protect phase?
- educate
- decrease post op pain, muscle guarding, or spasm
- minimize post op swelling
- prevent unnecessary stiffness
What are the expectations of the moderate protection phase?
- educate
- gradually restore soft tissue and joint mobility
- establish a mobile scar
- strengthen involved muscles and improve joint stability
What are the expectations of the minimum protection phase?
- continue education
- prevent re injury
- maximize muscle performance, dynamic stability and neuromuscular control
- restore balance and coordinated movement
- acquire or relearn specific motor skills
What are examples of potential post op complications?
- pulmonary complications
- deep vein thrombosis
- subluxation or dislocation after joint surgery
- restricted motion from adhesions and scar tissue
- failure, displacement or loosening of internal fixation
What are precautions to take post op?
- avoid positions that could compromise integrity
- keep the would clean
- avoid high intensity activity
- modify level and selection of physical activities to prevent stress to repaired or reconstructed soft tissue
What are strong risk factors of a DVT?
- fracture
- hip or knee replacement
- major general surgery
- major trauma
What are some moderate risk factors of a DVT?
- arthroscopic knee surgery
- central venous lines
- chemotherapy
What are some weak risk factors of a DVT?
- best rest >3 days
- immobility due to sitting
- increasing age
What is an open procedure?
incision to cut through layers to get to certain tissues?
What is an arthroscopic procedure?
small incisions in order to insert an endoscope/camera and motorized tools
What is an arthoscopically assisted procedure?
combination of open and arthroscopic procedures
What is an autograft?
taken from patient themself
What is an allograft?
tissue taken from cadaver
What is a synthetic graft?
synthetic material used to repair structure
What procedures release, lengthen, or decompress soft tissue?
- myotome
- tenotomy
- fasciotomy
What are examples of a joint procedure?
- arthroscopic debridement and lavage
- synovectomy
- arthroplasty
- arthrodesis
What does an osteotomy do?
removal of a piece of bone to improve alignment
