MOD 4 - Hematology, Immunity/HIV

Question 1

Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

Answer 1

Erythrocytes (RBC)

Question 2

Protect against infection

Answer 2

Leukocytes (WBC)

Question 3

Participate in clotting blood

Answer 3

Platelets (thrombocytes)

Question 4

What are the three blood cells?

Answer 4

Erythrocytes (RBC)
Leukocytes (WBC)
Platelets (thrombocytes)

Question 5

What is the name of the plasma component

Answer 5

Water

Question 6

Circulates blood cells and noncellular components
Contributes to blood pressure
Relocates to other fluid compartments as needed

Answer 6

Water

Question 7

Plasma Proteins

Answer 7

Albumin
Fibrinogen
Globulin
Clotting Factors

Question 8

Affects intravascular osmotic pressure

Answer 8

Albumin

Question 9

Plasma protein that participates in clotting blood

Answer 9

Fibrinogen

Question 10

Carries other protein substances

Answer 10

Globulin

Question 11

Convert a loose blood clot to a stabilized blood clot

Answer 11

Clotting factor

Question 12

Nutrients of blood components

Answer 12

Glucose
Amini acids
Lipids
Vitamins
Electrolytes
Hormones
Wastes(carbon dioxide, drug metabolites

Question 13

Provides a source of immediate energy

Answer 13

Glucose

Question 14

Provide components for cell growth and repair

Answer 14

Amino Acids

Question 15

A reserve for cellular energy in the absence of glucose

Answer 15

Lipids

Question 16

Participate in essential physiologic functions

Answer 16

Vitamins

Question 17

Facilitate a variety of biochemical actions

Answer 17

Electrolytes

Question 18

Perform multiple endocrine functions.

Answer 18

Hormones

Question 19

Prevent toxicity when biotransformed and excreted

Answer 19

Waste(carbon dioxide, drug metabolites)

Question 20

Anemia S/S (inadequate RBC Volume)

Answer 20

Orthostatic hypotension
Thready pulses
Oliguria
Heart Murmur

Question 21

Normal range RBC count for Men

Answer 21

4.6-6.2 (million/mm3)

Question 22

Normal range RBC count for Women

Answer 22

4.2-5.4 (million/mm3)

Question 23

Normal range WBC count for Men

Answer 23

5,000-13,000 (per mm3)

Question 24

Normal range RBC count for Women

Answer 24

5,000-10,000 (per mm3)

Question 25

Normal range Platelet count

Answer 25

150,000-450,000 (per mm3)

Question 26

Increased immature lymphocytes Normal or decreased granulocytes Decreased erythrocytes Decreased platelets

Answer 26

Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)

Question 27

Same as "ALL," erythrocytes and platelet counts may be normal or low

Answer 27

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

Question 28

Decrease in all myeloid-formed cells: --monocytes --granulocytes --erythrocytes --platelets

Answer 28

Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)

Question 29

Same as "AML," a greater number of normal cells than in the acute form

Answer 29

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)

Question 30

Classification of Lymphedema

Answer 30

Grade 1 (Mild) Grade 2 (Moderate) Grade 3 (Severe)

Question 31

Grade 1 (Mild)

Answer 31

Circumference of the affected limb is 2 cm, but not more than 4 cm larger than the unaffected limb; the patient is asymptomatic

Question 32

Grade 2 (Moderate)

Answer 32

Circumference of the affected limb is 4 cm but not more than 8 cm larger than the unaffected limb; symptoms: Heaviness in the limb Pain Limited movement

Question 33

Grade 3 (Severe)

Answer 33

Circumference of the affected limb is 8 cm greater than the unaffected limb, involves the entire limb symptoms: Infection or cellulitis Inflammation of connective tissue in or close to the skin

Question 34

Lymphomas

Answer 34

Hodgkin Non-Hodgkin

Question 35

Four types

Answer 35

Hodgkin

Question 36

Two peaks of onset: ages 15-40 years and older than 55

Answer 36

Hodgkin

Question 37

Reed-Sternberg cells

Answer 37

Hodgkin

Question 38

40% of affected clients test positive for Epstein-Barr virus

Answer 38

Hodgkin

Question 39

B-cell origin

Answer 39

Hodgkin

Question 40

Usually starts in lymph nodes above the clavicle Commonly in the neck and chest 15% are below the diaphragm Spreads downward from the initial site

Answer 40

Hodgkin

Question 41

More orderly growth from one node to adjacent nodes More curable

Answer 41

Hodgkin

Question 42

Thirty subtypes

Answer 42

Non-Hodgkin

Question 43

Peaks after age 50

Answer 43

Non-Hodgkin

Question 44

No Reed-Sternberg cells

Answer 44

Non-Hodgkin

Question 45

More common in industrial countries Common among clients with immunosuppressants

Answer 45

Non-Hodgkin

Question 46

B and T cells origin

Answer 46

Non-Hodgkin

Question 47

Common in the abdomen and tonsils Can develop in areas other than lymph nodes (e.g., brain, nasal passages)

Answer 47

Non-Hodgkin

Question 48

Less predictable growth Spreads to extranodal sites Less Curable

Answer 48

Non-Hodgkin

Question 49

Stages of Hodgkin Disease

Answer 49

Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4

Question 50

Single lymph node region

Answer 50

Stage 1

Question 51

Two or more lymph node regions on one side of the diaphragm

Answer 51

Stage 2

Question 52

Lymph nodes regions on both sides of the diaphragm, but extension is limited to the spleen

Answer 52

Stage 3

Question 53

Bilateral lymph nodes affected and extension includes spleen plus one or more of the following; Bones Bone Marrow Lungs Liver Skin Gastrointestinal structures

Answer 53

Stage 4

Question 54

Types of Lymphocytes in immune response

Answer 54

T - Cells --Regulator T Cells ----Helper T cells --Suppressor T Cells ----Effector T Cells ----Cytotoxic T Cells B - Cells --Plasma cells --Memory cells

Question 55

Recognize antigens Stimulate B cells to produce antibodies

Answer 55

Helper T Cells

Question 56

Turn off an immune response

Answer 56

Suppressor T cells

Question 57

Bind to and destroy invader cells Stimulate the release of lymphokines

Answer 57

Cytotoxic T Cells

Question 58

Produce antibodies

Answer 58

Plasma Cells