Mod 4 Flashcards
INTERVENTION STRATEGIES AND EXAMPLE ACTIVITIES
Health communication strategies
Health education strategies
Health policy/enforcement strategies
Environmental change strategies
Health-related community services
Behavior modification activities
Community advocacy activities
Organizational culture activities
Incentives and disincentives
Social intervention activities
Technology-delivered activities
Mass media, social media, billboards, booklets, bulletin boards, flyers, direct mail, newsletters, pamphlets, posters, and video and audio materials
Health communication strategies
Educational methods (such as lecture, discussion, and group work) as well as audiovisual materials, computerized instruction, laboratory exercises, and written materials (books and periodicals)
Health education strategies
Executive orders, laws, ordinances, judicial decisions, policies, position statements, regulations, and formal and informal rules
Health policy/enforcement strategies
Those that are designed to change the structure of services, systems of care, or the built environment to improve health promotion services, such as removing physical or financial barriers to access, safety belts and air bags in cars, speed bumps in parking lots, or environmental cues such as No Smoking signs
Environmental change strategies
The use of health risk appraisals (HRAs), clinical screenings for health problems (e.g. hypertension), and immunization clinics
Health-related community services
Modifying behavior to stop smoking, start to exercise,
manage stress, and regulate diet
Behavior modification activities
Mass mobilization, social action, community planning,
community service development, community education, and community advocacy (such as
a letter-writing campaign)
Community advocacy activities
Activities that work to change norms and traditions within
an organization
Organizational culture activities
Items that can either encourage or discourage people to
behave a certain way, which may include money and other material items or fines
Incentives and disincentives
Support groups, social activities, and social networks
Social intervention activities
Educating or informing people by using technology (e.g.,
social media, computers, and cell phones)
Technology-delivered activities
PROCESS OF COMMUNITY ORGANIZING
Assessing the Needs of the Priority Population
Setting Appropriate Goals and Objectives
Creating an Intervention That Considers the Peculiarities of the Setting
Implementing the Intervention
Implementing the Intervention
determine the needs and wants of the priority population. This procedural step is referred to as
needs assessment
process of identifying, analyzing, and prioritizing the needs of a priority population. Other terms that have been used to describe the process of determining needs include community analysis, community diagnosis, and community assessment”
needs assessment
Six-step approach in Needs Assessment
Step 1: Determining the Purpose and Scope of the Needs Assessment Step 2: Gathering Data
Step 3: Analyzing Data
Step 4: Identifying the Risk Factors Linked to the Health Problem
Step 5: Identifying the Program Focus Step 6: Validating the Prioritized Need
thought of as the foundation of the program and for the evaluation.
goals and objectives
planned actions designed to prevent disease or injury or promote health in the priority population.
intervention
recommendations for interventions based on critical review of multiple
Best practices
intervention strategies used in prior or existing programs that have not gone through the critical research and evaluation studies and thus fall short of best
practice criteria.
Best experience
original intervention strategies that the planners create based on their
knowledge and skills of good planning processes including the involvement of those in the priority population and the use of theories and models.
Best processes
actual carrying out or putting into practice the activity or activities that make up the intervention.
Implementing the intervention
the act of converting planning, goals, and objectives into action through administrative structure, management activities, policies, procedures, regulations, and organizational actions of new programs
Implementing the Intervention
final step in the generalized planning model
Evaluation
purpose of the evaluation
To improve the quality of programs and to measure their effectiveness.
framework for program evaluation
Step 1: Engage Stakeholders
Step 2: Describe the Program
Step 3: Focus the Evaluation Design
Step 4: Gather Credible Data
Step 5: Justify Conclusions
Step 6: Ensure Use and Share Lessons Learned
Stakeholders include
(1) those involved in the creation and delivery of the program
2) those in the priority population or affected by the program in some other way
3) those that will be the primary users of the evaluation results
These individuals must be engaged to ensure that their perspectives are understood and that the evaluation results meet their expectations.
stakeholders
helps to focus the evaluation on the central and important questions to be answered.
clear program description
includes stating the purpose of the evaluation and formulating the questions to be answered by the evaluation
Focus the Evaluation Design
includes deciding what type of data needs to be collected, how to collect the data, determining who will collect them, pilot testing the procedures, and performing the actual data collection.
Gathering credible data
evaluator will compare the collected data against the standards of acceptability to determine effectiveness, and ultimately, the value of the program.
Justify Conclusions
This is a time when a decision can be made to modify, continue, or discontinue the intervention based on the evaluation data.
Ensure Use and Share Lessons Learned
