A1&2 Flashcards
grouping of distinct individuals
loosely associated with one another
aggregate
collection of people who interact
community
social group determined by geographical boundaries and/or common values and interest.
Community by The World Health Organization Expert Committee, 1974
Characteristics of a community (5)
- has a defined geographical boundaries
- composed of people who live together
- common psychological characteristics
- interact, have free communication
- organized social structure and system and common organization
social unit, providing space for housing, shelter, socialization and recreation.
community
Two types of communities according to Ferdinand Toennies
Gemeinschaft communities
Gessellschaft communities
composed of people who have common interests, know each other well and who have strong ties
Gemeinschaft communities
include diverse people with weak ties
inclined towards self-interest
Gessellschaft communities
communities involve rural areas and are considered to be
true communities
communities involve urban areas and considered to be
pseudo communities.
defined by its geographic boundaries.
city, town, or neighborhood is a geographic community.
Geographic Community
collection of people that have an interest or goal that binds
members together.
Common-Interest Community
group of people who came together to solve a problem
Community of Solutions
competent community in which various organizations, groups and aggregates of people making up the community do at least four (4) things.
Cottrell in 1976
4 things a competent community must do according to Cottrell (summary)
Identify the problems and needs
Achieve woking consensus on goals and priorities,
Implement goals
Action
visually depict the ecological and determinants approach that Healthy People 2020 will take in framing the national health objectives
Graphic Model of Healthy People 2020
illustrates the fundamental degree of overlap among the social determinants of health, as well as emphasize their collective impact and influence on health outcomes and conditions.
Gaphic Model of Healthy People 2020
provides a science-based, 10-year national objectives for improving the health of all Americans.
Healthy People 2020
benchmarks and monitored progress of healthy people 2020
a. Encourage collaborations across communities and sectors.
b. Empower individuals toward making informed health decisions.
c. Measure the impact of prevention activities.
model of the determinants of health is proposed by
Evans and Stoddart
What is the model of determinants of health proposed by Evans and Stoddart
Health Field Model
broad conceptual framework for considering the factors that influence health in a community.
Health Field Model
Health Field Model has nine (9) Components
(1) Social environment
(2) Physical environment
(3) Genetic Endowment
(4) Individual response (Behavior and biology) (5) Health care
(6) Disease
(7) Health and function (8) Well-being
(9) Prosperity
term that refers to an individual’s integration into a self-defined community and the degree of connectedness to other individuals and to institutions.
Social networks
family structure, the educational system, social networks, social class, work setting, and level of prosperity that links to health
Social Environment
contributing to a greater or lesser risk for health outcomes, rather than determining them with certainty.
Genetic Endowment
response to the other determinants and can be seen as an “intermediate” determinant of health
