Mod. 39-40 (Unit 5 Part II)

Question 1

Cohort

Answer 1

a group of people sharing a common characteristic, such as from a given time period. People who’s intelligences were studied longitudially were spit up this way.

Question 2

Cross-Sectional Study

Answer 2

research that compares people of different ages at different points in time.

Question 3

Longitudinal Study

Answer 3

research that follows and retests the same people over time

Question 4

Crystallized Intelligence

Answer 4

our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills – increases up to old age.

Question 5

Fluid Intelligence

Answer 5

our ability to reason speedily and abstractly – starts decreasing beginning in the 20’s or 30’s, slowly up to age 75 or so, and then especially after 85.

Question 6

What is the stability of intelligence over the lifespan?

Answer 6

Age 3 - intelligence tests only modestly predict their futures
Age 4 - results begin to predict adolescent and adult scores
Age 11 - the stability becomes “impressive”

Question 7

Intellectual Disability

Answer 7

a condition of limited mental ability, indicated by – an intelligence test score of 70 or below and –difficult adapting to the demands of life.

Question 8

What is an intellectual disability indicated by? (2)

Answer 8

1) intelligence score of 70 or below 2) difficulty adapting to the demands of life

Question 9

Down Syndrome

Answer 9

a condition of mild to severe intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.

Question 10

What is true about the talent of kids?

Answer 10

It can be shown in certain domains and not in others

Question 11

Heritability

Answer 11

the proportion of variation among individuals in a group that we can attribute to genes. The heritability of a trait may varym depending on the range of populations and environments studied.

Question 12

What are three points of evidence of environmental effects on intelligence?

Answer 12

1) Environmental differences are more predictive of intelligence scores.
2) Adoption increases intelligence scores of mistreated or neglected children.
3) The shared environment of twins promotes intelligence.

Question 13

Studies of what groups show environmental influences?

Answer 13

twims, family members, and adopted children

Question 14

Are studies of twins raised together and apart barely different?

Answer 14

Yes.

Question 15

What can negatively impact intelligence / show how life experiences do so ?

Answer 15

children raised in extremely impoverished environments with minimal social interaction

Question 16

What did Carol Dweck believe?

Answer 16

1) she reports that believing intelligence is changeable, not fixed,
2) fosters a growth mindset, a focus on learning and growing.
3) Teaches young teens how the brain is like a muscle - growing stronger with use as neuron connections grow.

Question 17

Growth Mindset

Answer 17

a focus on learning and growing