MOd 3 Quiz

Question 1

Describe the role and importance of health informatics for public health

Answer 1

• Provides key tools for population health
• data and information are key public health tools for guiding our decision-making
• defines the ‘how and why’ behind the technological tool approach

Question 2

Key aspects of health communication

Answer 2

• probabilities, utilities, timing
• falls under social and behavioral health
• Interpersonal communication about health to the public
• collect -> compile -> present -> perceive -> combine -> decision making

Question 3

Seven basic types of public health data

Answer 3

• Single Case or Small series: alert new or resistant disease and to potential spread
• Statistics and reportable diseases: Required by law, helpful in identifying changes over time
• Surveys-Sampling: draw conclusions from representative populations, attempt to include all those with disease
• Self-Reporting: may help identify unrecognized or unusual events
• Sentinel Monitoring: early warnings or warning of unrecognized previous events
• Syndromic Surveillance: may be able to detect unexpected and subtle changes like epidemics
• Social Media: detect and monitor course of influenza epidemic

Question 4

Infant Mortality Rate

Answer 4

a population health status measure that estimates the rate of death in the first year of life

Question 5

Life Expectancy

Answer 5

a population health status measure that summarizes the impact of death in an entire population utilizing the probability of death at each age of life in a particular year in a particular population

Question 6

HALE (health-adjusted life expectancy)

Answer 6

• a population health status measure that combines life expectancy with a measure of the populations overall quality of health
• Incorporates: mobility, cognition, self-care, pain, mood, and sensory organ function
• Quality health measurement x life expectancy at birth = HALE

Question 7

DALY (disability-adjusted life year)

Answer 7

a population health status measure the incorporates measures of death and disability and allows for measurement of the impact of categories of diseases and risk factors

a measure of overall disease burden, expressed as the number of years lost due to ill-health, disability, or early deat

Question 8

Identify factors that affect how we perceive public health information

Answer 8

• Dread effect
• Unfamiliarity Effect
• Uncontrollability Effect

Question 9

Dread Effect

Answer 9

• Perception of an increase in the probability of occurrence of an event due to its ease of being able to be visualized and its feared consequences
• Explains why we fear rare occurrences like shark attacks
• Steams from potential of catastrophic events

Question 10

Unfamiliarity Effect

Answer 10

Perception of increased probability of an event due to an individual’s absence of prior experience with the event

Question 11

Uncontrollability Effect

Answer 11

• Perception of increased probability of occurrence of an event due to the perceived inability of an individual to control or prevent the event from occurring
• Consider hazards we perceive in our control less threatening
• Like how we perceive driving less hazardous than flying

Question 12

Health Literacy

Answer 12

• the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions
• An individual’s ability to obtain, understand and use health information and services to make appropriate decisions

Question 13

Decision Analysis

Answer 13

• A process that compares the outcomes of two or more interventions based on principles of expected utility
• A way to compare different strategies or solutions to a problem
• ll possible strategies and outcomes are included in a model and placed in a decision tree
• Relies on a vast information-processing ability of computers to formally combine information on benefits and harms to reach quantitative decisions

Question 14

What is informatics? (reading)

Answer 14

• the science of how to use data, information, and knowledge to improve human health and the delivery of health care service
• allows for effective public health work
• Empowers disease interventions and prevent to better health

Question 15

Inform of Decision

Answer 15

a decision-making approach in which a clinician is merely expected to inform the patient of what is planned

Question 16

Informed Consent

Answer 16

a decision-making approach or research process in which a clinician is expected to provide information and obtain agreement to proceed from the patient

Question 17

Shared Decision-Making

Answer 17

a decision-making approach in which a clinician is expected to directly or indirectly provide information and options for intervention to a patient and then rely on the patient to synthesize the information and make his or her own decision