Mod 3 - Asepsis 8/28 Flashcards
T/F - all surgical wounds become contaminated.
True! Doesn’t matter how careful you are!
what are 4 surgical asepsis barriers?
- gloves
- gowns
- masks
- drapes
T/F - when placing towels on your prepped patient, you can move the towel inward (toward the incision site) but NEVER pull it away!
False - NEVER PUSH TOWARD INCISION SITE
define asepsis
absence of pathogenic microbes or infection in living tissue
define sterilization
process of destroying all microorganisms - can only be performed on inanimate objects
define disinfectant
an agent that destroys pathogens on inanimate objects
define disinfection
use of germicidal agents on inanimate objects
define antisepsis
use of antimicrobial chemicals on living tissue to kill OR inhibit growth of pathogens
define antiseptics
antimicrobial chemicals used on living tissue
define antibiotics
chemical substances that alter microbial activity in the patient - can be bacteriostatic OR bactericidal
what is the goal of aseptic surgery?
to minimize the degree of wound contamination thru use of barriers, sterilization, antisepsis, and operating facility preparations
- 7yo FI Labrador
- wound repair 10d ago
- jumped over metal fence & traumatized abdominal area
- surgery pursued within 2hrs of presentation
- purulent & hemorrhagic discharge
- warm to touch
- painful w/gentle palpation
- mild-mod swelling
- mild dehiscence
what type of surgical site infection (SSI) would this be classified as?
A. superficial SSI
B. deep SSI
C. organ/space SSI
A.
describe a superficial SSI (2)
- within 30d post-procedure
- involves skin &/or SQ tissue
describe a deep SSI (2)
- within 30-90d post-procedure
- involves fascia or muscle layers
describe an organ/space SSI (2)
- within 30-90d post-procedure
- any area other than incisions (skin, fascia, muscle layers not near incision)
Which is a risk factor for a surgical site infection (SSI)?
A. duration of surgery
B. duration of anesthesia
C. surgical site prep
D. method of wound closure
All of the above!
how can duration of surgery inc. the risk of SSI?
risk doubles for each hour (on top of procedure duration)
how can duration of anesthesia inc. the risk of SSI?
longer duration = dec. body temp & impact on immune system
how can the surgical site prep inc. the risk of SSI?
if you pre-clip the patient (shaving patient hrs to days before surgery)
- causes abrasion = inc. risk of infection
how can the method of wound closure inc. the risk of SSI?
skin staples vs. suturing
- MSU = suturing > staples
which pathogen is the leading cause of SSI in dogs?
A. staphylococcus aureus
B. staphylococcus pseudintermedius
C. Escherichia coli
D. clostridium
B. - normally lives on skin
- 7yo FI Labrador
- wound repair 10d ago
- jumped over metal fence & traumatized abdominal area
- surgery pursued within 2hrs of presentation
based on this history, how would you classify the wound?
A. clean
B. clean-contaminated
C. contaminated
D. dirty
C.
what is a clean wound? (7)
- non-traumatic
- uninfected
- no break in aseptic technique
- no inflammation
- elective surgery
- no drains
- primarily closed
what is a clean-contaminated wound? (2)
- controlled entry into hollow viscus
- minor break in aseptic technique
what is a contaminated wound? (4)
- open
- fresh traumatic wound
- non-purulent inflammation
- major break in aseptic technique
what is a dirty wound? (4)
- purulent material
- perforated viscus
- fecal contamination
- foreign material (>4hr)
would you bathe a patient the day prior to surgical intervention?
NO
what are some things you have to do or wear regarding wound treatment? (4)
- remove hair to prep area
- wear gloves
- use sterile lubricant
- cover scrubs with apron
T/F - always prep a wound from internal to external.
True
T/F - when you move gauze around the wound (like a racecar on a track), you should never spin the gauze as you go.
False - gauze MUST turn - otherwise, contaminated edge comes in contact with inner, already cleaned, region
what is NOT a characteristic of an ideal barrier?
A. resistant to bacterial penetration
B. resistant to fluid penetration
C. can be sterilized
D. tears easily
D.
T/F - keep the hair on your head covered! However, a mask is enough to cover facial hair.
False - must wear a beard hood
T/F - you can wear your own surgery cap but all hair MUST be contained within the cap!
True
T/F - you can wear fake nails to surgery because you’ll be wearing gloves anyway.
False!
Nails must be no longer than ?.
Even at ? (length), you must clean beneath your nails with a pick.
5 mm
1 mm
What must you make sure you do after surgically prepping your hands and rinsing them?
stick your butt out!
If you’re right-handed, the patient’s head will always be to your (right/left) and the patient’s tail will always be to your (right/left).
left
right
when making an incision, what direction must you cut? (Use your doctor words!)
cranial to caudal
the more delicate the instrument, the (better/worse) they are for ultrasonic cleaning.
worse!
Packing instruments for steam sterilization:
- hinged instruments kept (closed/open)
- pack (tightly/loosely)
- disassemble ? instruments
- bowls placed face (down/up)
- open
- loosely
- threaded
- down
what are the 3 types of steam sterilization? which is most common?
- gravity displacement (most common)
- vacuum displacement
- air removal critical
