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VM 580 - Vet Surgery & Anesthesia > Mod 1 - Risk Assessment & Management 8/21 > Flashcards

Mod 1 - Risk Assessment & Management 8/21 Flashcards

Quiz 2

1
Q

T/F - it’s more important to look at the bloodwork than doing a PE and getting a history.

A

False - hx & PE can tell you everything you need to know - don’t get caught up in bloodwork!

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2
Q

T/F - all animals should have pre-op bloodwork done.

A

False - young, healthy animals may not need it - it IS indicated in sicker animals

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3
Q

the American Society of Anesthesiologists grade a patient’s health status from ? to ?.

which are considered healthy?

which are considered sick?

A

1-5

1 & 2 = healthy

3-5 = sick

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4
Q

What is the ASA status?
- young, healthy 6m Lab for neuter
- HR 120 bpm
- RR panting
- T 101F
- PCV 50%
- TS 6 g/dL

A

1

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5
Q

as the ASA grade increases, the more likely the animal is going to ?

A

die from an anesthetic-related cause (NOT because of any diseases it has)

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6
Q

respiratory morbidity due to anesthetic causes is anywhere from ? to ?%

A

0.5-60%

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7
Q

what are 2 very common respiratory effects of anesthesia that, if not caught early, will cause death?

A
  1. apnea
  2. hypoventilation
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8
Q

what are 3 common cardiovascular effects of anesthesia that, if not caught early, will cause death?

A
  1. bradycardia (due to drugs)
  2. hypotension
  3. cardiac arrhythmias
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9
Q

you can reduce the risk factors of general anesthesia in cats by monitoring what 2 things?

A
  1. pulse
  2. pulse oximeter
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10
Q

you can reduce the risk factors of general anesthesia in horses by using what 2 things?

A
  1. acepromazine
  2. IV maintenance
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11
Q

what are 5 types of high-risk patients for anesthesia?

A
  1. extremes of age
  2. extremes of weight
  3. airway/pulmonary challenges
  4. cardiovascular disease
  5. cesarean section
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12
Q

young animals are prone to 3 types of “hypo”s. what are they?

A
  1. hypothermia
  2. hypotension
  3. hypoglycemia
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13
Q

(young/old) animals have a dec. rate of metabolism while (young/old) animals have dec. drug clearance.

A

old
young

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14
Q

what are 4 risks of an obese patient under general anesthesia?

A
  1. inc. potential for resp. compromise, impaired alveolar ventilation
  2. cardiomegaly/limited cardiac reserve
  3. slower recoveries
  4. dosage scaling - estimate the lean body weight and dose to effect
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15
Q

what are 4 risks of a cachexic patient on general anesthesia?

A
  1. limited redistribution to tissues (not a lot of fat or muscle)
  2. lower blood volume
  3. less protein binding
  4. poor glucose & thermal homeostasis
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16
Q

what is the ASA status?
- 12yo, cachectic Lab for dental
- HR 120 bpm
- RR panting
- T 101F
- PCV 25%
- TS 3.5 g/dL
- albumin 1.5 g/dL
- murmur L base, systolic, grade 3/6
- other changes associated w/liver dysfunction/disease

A

3 or 4 (subjective)

17
Q

what must you remember about brachycephalics when preparing to intubate for general anesthesia? (6)

A
  1. stenotic nares
  2. elongated soft palate
  3. hypoplastic trachea
  4. everted laryngeal saccules
  5. macroglossia
  6. abundant nasal turbinates
18
Q

giving 100% O2 for 3-5min before inducing gives you (more/less) time before the animal becomes hypoxic.

A

more

19
Q

what must you keep in mind when you are inflating an ETT cuff?

A
  1. over-inflation can clamp off the tube (airway obstruction)
  2. over-inflation can cause tracheal tear
20
Q

a cat goes under general anesthesia for a dental and wakes up blind. why?

A

opening the jaw too wide can clamp off the maxillary artery and stop blood flow to the visual cortex of the brain = blindness

21
Q

a cat swells up after general anesthesia and gets rads done, showing it has SQ emphysema. why?

A

pathognomonic for a TRACHEAL TEAR

22
Q

what is the ASA status?
- young, healthy 20w kitten for neuter
- HR 220 bpm
- RR 25 bpm
- T 103F
- loud, grade 5/6 continuous, left base murmur, bounding femoral pulses
- PCV 35%
- TS 5.2 g/dL

A

3 or 4 (subjective)

23
Q

what are 4 considerations of anesthetizing a patient for a C-section?

A
  1. reduced functional residual capacity (FRC) - more prone to hypoxia
  2. hyperventilation
  3. anemia of pregnancy
  4. fetal viability
24
Q

T/F - we usually premed a patient for C-sections.

A

False

VM 580 - Vet Surgery & Anesthesia (11 decks)

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