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VM 580 - Vet Surgery & Anesthesia > Mod 1 - Anesthesia Machine 8/15 > Flashcards

Mod 1 - Anesthesia Machine 8/15 Flashcards

Quiz 2

1
Q

An E tank is considered a (low/intermediate/high) pressure zone with a PSI of ?.

A

high
~2000

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2
Q

How many liters of O2 is in a full tank?

A

~660 L

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3
Q

In the US, what color is the O2 tank?

Anywhere other than the US, what color is the O2 tank?

A

US = green

international = white

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4
Q

If you want to use an O2 tank to keep a patient under general anesthesia for MRI imaging, what must you ensure specifically?

A

The O2 tank must be MRI compatible (tank is made of a non-magnetic alloy)

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5
Q

why does an O2 tank have a pressure relief valve?

A

safety!
- 1-time use
- will crack to release pressure within tank so it doesn’t explode

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6
Q

how does a Bourdon pressure gauge work? (4)

A
  1. high pressure gas fills the small hollow tube within the gauge
  2. tube deforms, or straightens
  3. mechanical dial transmits the deformation of the tube
  4. you read the dial

higher pressure = higher number on dial (& vice versa)

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7
Q

A pressure-reducing valve is also called a ?. What is its purpose?

A

regulator

it reduces high pressure gases to intermediate pressure (~2000 PSI to ~50 PSI)

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8
Q

T/F - you can use the O2 flush valve while a patient is hooked up to the anesthesia machine.

A

FALSE - NEVER use O2 flush when a patient is hooked up, esp. if on a non-rebreathing system!

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9
Q

What does the O2 flush valve do?

A

directs high unmetered flow directly to the common gas outlet

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10
Q

What is the purpose of the O2 flush valve?

A

to flush the entire system of anesthetic gas

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11
Q

What would happen if you used the O2 flush valve while the patient was still connected to the system?

A

could cause barotrauma to the patient

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12
Q

what does a flowmeter do?

A

controls rate of gas delivery to a low pressure zone

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13
Q

where should you read if a flowmeter has a bobbin (ball) to measure gas output?

a float?

A

bobbin = middle

float = top

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14
Q

why is the O2 flowmeter knob larger and textured?

A

for safety! - even if you can’t see it (in the event of a power outage) you know it’s O2

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15
Q

T/F - vaporizers are agent specific because different anesthetic agents require different compensations for temperatures, flows, and pressures.

A

True

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16
Q

what is a vaporizer?

A

machine that reduces liquid anesthetic to a vapor for use as inhalant

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17
Q

what is the purpose of a wick within a vaporizer?

A

it absorbs liquid anesthetic, which greatly increases the surface area of the liquid, causing more anesthetic vapor to be picked up by fresh gas (O2)

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18
Q

Unidirectional valves are located in the (low/intermediate/high) pressure zone.

A

low

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19
Q

what prevents backflow of gases in the inspiratory & expiratory unidirectional valves?

A

thin discs

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20
Q

the inspiratory valve is (open/closed) during exhalation and (open/closed) during inhalation. The opposite is true for the expiratory valve.

A

closed
open

21
Q

If the patient takes a large negative pressure breath and there is not enough gases within the system to provide for the breath, what allows for room air to enter to supplement the breath?

A

negative pressure valve

22
Q

what is the purpose of the reservoir bag? (2)

A
  1. allows for assisted ventilation
  2. gas reserve volume
23
Q

How do you determine the correct size of the reservoir bag?

A

bag size = patient weight (kg) * 66
(size of bag should be ~6x the tidal volume)

24
Q

T/F - if a patient is in between reservoir bag sizes, always round down.

A

FALSE - always round UP!

25
Q

What are 3 areas of compliance within the anesthesia circuit?

A
  1. reservoir bag
  2. corrugated tubing of F or Y circuit
  3. patient
26
Q

What does APL (valve) stand for?

What is its purpose in the anesthesia system?

A

APL = adjustable pressure-limiting valve

allows excess gas to escape from the patient circuit

27
Q

What happens if the APL valve is left closed while a patient is using the anesthesia system?

A

excessive pressure can build up and cause barotrauma

28
Q

What is the occlusion valve?

A

AKA cheater valve

can be used to give a breath to the patient by pressing the valve (same as if closing the APL valve)
- faster to use than APL valve

29
Q

what is the difference between the active scavenging system and the passive scavenging system?

A

active = waste gases are actively piped to the atmosphere via wall connection

passive = flow rate + patient breathing
- can be connected to F/air canister or just flow out the window

30
Q

F/air canisters are measured by ? to determine when they need to be switched out.

A

weight

31
Q

the small granules within the CO2 absorber canister increase the ?.

A

surface area

32
Q

What is the highest resistance area in the anesthesia circuit that a patient has to work against when breathing?

A

CO2 absorber canister

33
Q

What volume should the CO2 absorber canisters be?

A

2x the tidal volume at least

34
Q

what is the primary byproduct of the CO2 absorber canister?

A

calcium carbonate

35
Q

when CO2 is absorbed, what color do the granules change?

A

ethyl violet

36
Q

T/F - the ethyl violet color lasts forever, so you always know when to change the CO2 absorber canister.

A

False - track the time! Each canister can handle 6-8hrs of anesthesia.

37
Q

sometimes during transport, the CO2 absorber granules settle to the bottom and can cause ? of gases through the center of the canister. This makes the canister appear (fresh/used) when it isn’t.

A

channeling
fresh

38
Q

what measures the pressure in the anesthesia circuit?

A

manometer (do doo do-do do)

39
Q

what is the max peak inspiratory pressure you should go to in a normal or healthy patient?

A

20 cmH2O

40
Q

the circle system is a (non-rebreathing/rebreathing) system.

A

rebreathing

41
Q

what is the name of the non-rebreathing systems?

which one is the only one we use at MSU?

A

Mapleson

Mapleson D, Bain modification, Bain block, Bain system

42
Q

how does a non-rebreathing system differ from a rebreathing system? (3)

A
  1. no CO2 canisters - it causes the most resistance & small patients can’t overcome it when breathing
  2. no unidirectional valves - gas is inhaled thru center tube and exhaled around center tube
  3. high fresh gas flow (FGF) rates - this is what pushes the exhaled gases out (more wasteful b/c no rebreathing!)
43
Q

what are the gas flow rates of:
1. rebreathing system
2. non-rebreathing system

A
  1. 4-6 mL/kg/min
  2. 200-300 mL/kg/min
44
Q

what is the purpose of a positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) valve?

A

allows air pressure within the circuit to not drop BELOW the indicated value on the valve

45
Q

what is the purpose of an anti-positive end expiratory pressure (anti-PEEP) valve?

A

prevents air pressure within the circuit from building up BEYOND the indicated value on the valve

46
Q

T/F - a PEEP must be attached to the inspiratory valve to work, however, an anti-PEEP can be placed anywhere in the circuit to work.

A

False - a PEEP must be attached to the EXPIRATORY valve

47
Q

The pressure gauge on your E tank says 500 PSI. How many liters of O2 do you have, and how many hours will it last if your flow rate is 1 L/min?

A

tank PSI x 0.3 = vol (L)
500 x 0.3 = 150 L

150 L x min/1 L x 1 hr/60 min = 2.5 hr

48
Q

What volume should your reservoir bag be if your patient weighs 22 kg?

A

patient weight (kg) x 66 = bag size
22 kg x 66 = 1452 mL

(always round up!)

bag size = 2 L

VM 580 - Vet Surgery & Anesthesia (11 decks)

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