Mod 3

Question 1

What are dendrites

Answer 1

extensions of the cell body membrane that branch to communicate with other neurons

Question 2

dendrites have proteins called __

Answer 2

receptors

Question 3

When a neurotransmitter binds to a receptor it has the potential to ___

Answer 3

influence the behaviour of the cell

Question 4

what does polarized mean

Answer 4

when a neuron has a negative charge far away from 0. Polarized is at rest and wont release neurotransmitters

Question 5

what does depolarized mean

Answer 5

when a neuron has a positive charge. more likely to activate and send neurotransmitters to message other neurons and organs

Question 6

What does it mean when a neurotransmitter is excitatory?

Answer 6

something that causes a neuron to move closer to activation

Question 7

What does it mean when a neurotransmitter is inhibitory?

Answer 7

causes a neuron to move further from activation

Question 8

Neural networks:

Answer 8

complex connections between dendrites and the axons of many neurons

Question 9

Neocortex:

Answer 9

concious thought, decision making, outermost layer of brain

Question 10

Medulla

Answer 10

heartbeat, respiration, basic life support functions

Question 11

Efferents:

Answer 11

guiding electrical impulses/messages away from the brain

Question 12

Afferents

Answer 12

guiding electrical impulses/messages towards the brain

Question 13

Once nerves leave the spinal cord or brain they’re in the _______

Answer 13

peripheral nervous system

Question 14

peripheral nervous system is split into _____ and ____ divisions

Answer 14

somatic (voluntary) and autonomic

Question 15

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM: parasympathetic :

Answer 15

resting, digestion, repairing the body

Question 16

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM: sympathetic:

Answer 16

things we do that require excitement

Question 17

RAS: a network of cells in the ___ and ____ that help regulate the levels of awareness and alertness in humans

Answer 17

pons and medulla

Question 18

RAS: bridges functions of the brain and body via connections to the ____ and ______

Answer 18

spinal cord and thalamus

Question 19

RAS helps regulate _____ and ______

Answer 19

arousal and attention

Question 20

dysfunction in the RAS is a likely contributor to what disorder?

Answer 20

ADHD

Question 21

the limbic system:
circuits in the ____ and ______

Answer 21

cortex and midbrain

Question 22

what does the limbic system help regulate

Answer 22

endocrine systems and emotions/emotional memory

Question 23

The limbic systems contains:

Answer 23

prefrontal cortex, the olfactory (smell) cortex, the amygdala, the hippocampus, the cingulate gyrus, and hypothalamus

Question 24

amygdala:

Answer 24

fear, fight or flight

Question 25

hippocampus:

Answer 25

forming memories

Question 26

cingulate gyrus:

Answer 26

activated when we experience unpleasant things

Question 27

hypothalamus:

Answer 27

hunger, sexual, temp, aggression

Question 28

frontal lobes:

Answer 28

decision making and movement

Question 29

who is phineas gage

Answer 29

metal rod diagonally through front of skull but survived. helped discover that the prefrontal lobe was involved in decision making and personality

Question 30

wheres the temporal lobes located

Answer 30

above ear

Question 31

temporal lobe lesions (where cells have died) often result in _______

Answer 31

memory loss

Question 32

temporal lobes are involved in

Answer 32

memories and processing sound input from the auditory nerves

Question 33

Wernickes area

Answer 33

left temporal lobe, processing language