Mod 3 Flashcards
What is immunization?
It is the process where resistance to infectious diseases are induced
What is immunity?
Resistance to a specific disease
What is an antigen?
Stimulus that the host reacts to and produces antibodies against
What are antibodies?
Proteins that alert the body of a foreign entity
What’s another term for antibodies?
Immunoglobulins
What gets produced when the cellular immune system (T cells) gets activated?
It produces lymphokines and memory cells
What gets produced when the humoral immune system (B cells) gets activated?
Production of specific antibodies IgM then IgG and memory cells
What is IgM? (Immunoglobulin M)
A gamma globulin protein that is the largest and first antibody produced in the immune response
What is IgG? (Immunoglobulin G)
Produced after IgM
What are the differences between IgM and IgG?
IgM stays in the bloodstream, IgG is found in the blood and humoral (fluid) immunity of the host
IgM = recent/current exposure to an antigen IgG = past exposure
IgM = short lasting IgG = long lasting
What are the steps to antibody production?
- Antigens coming into contact with lymphocytes, B cells, and T cells
- B cells binds to specific receptors on the antigen
- B cells proliferate into a clone (group of B cells)
- Cells divide into plasma cells and memory cells
What are memory cells?
Cells that aren’t currently producing antibodies but can be activated if future exposure to that antigen occurs again
What are plasma cells?
Cells that produces antibodies
What are the four factors that affect responses to immunization?
- Individual differences
- Site of injection
- Immunization product
- Product failure
What are the two types of immunity?
Innate immunity and acquired immunity
What is innate immunity?
Immunity that is different depending on each species
What is acquired immunity?
Immunity that is obtained during life; it can be developed naturally or artificially and passively or actively