Mod 2: Coronary Anatomy Flashcards
Where do coronary arteries originate from?
originate from ascending aorta
When does flow of coronary arteries occur?
occurs during diastole
Where is the right coronary artery (RCA) located?
groove between RA and RV; posterior wall between both ventricles
What does the right coronary artery feed?
feeds RA, anterior RV, posterior/inferior RV and LV, AV node
Where is the left coronary artery (LCA) located?
left main stem bifurcates into LAD between RV and LV (anterior wall, BB)
What is the left circumflex (coronary artery)?
groove between LA and LV (lateral wall)
How many gallons of blood does the heart pump?
2000+ gallons
What are the 4 major chambers of the heart?
RA, RV, LA, LV
What do valves do?
keep heart flowing in the same direction
What are valves made up of?
leaflets
What is the opening and closing of valves controlled by?
BP changes
What is the purpose of coronary arteries?
keeps heart nourished and oxygenated
What does coronary artery disease cause?
Decreased flow to blood muscle
What does the right atrium do?
pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs
What leads to the right atrium?
veins, muscles
What is the purpose of the tricuspid valve?
allows blood to flow (one direction) from RA to RV, then to the semilunar valve to lungs
What does the left atrium do?
pump oxygenated blood to the body
What valve is in the left side of the heart?
mitral valve
What is special about the left ventricle?
most muscular of the four chambers of the heart
What is mitral valve prolapse?
occasional chest pain when the mitral valve door is sticky (flaps back up into the atrium and allows a bit of backflow)
What are heart murmurs?
valvular dysfunction
What is chordae tendineae?
papillary muscles that assist in valves opening up and snapping shut
What is the SA node?
pacemaker of the heart
What are internodal tracts?
bands of specialized myocytes that lie between SA and AV node
What is the bundle of his?
splits into the right and left bundle branch
What are purkinje fibers?
at the end of bundle branches that spread activation into more individualized myocardial cells
What does the right coronary artery do?
delivers blood to the entire right atrium: feeds RA, anterior RV< posterior/inferior RV and LV, AV node
What is found in 90% of people?
RCA takes a turn and rides in the groove of the two ventricles - feeds posterior walls of R/L ventricle
What does the left circumflex artery do?
feeds left atrium and lateral wall of the left ventricle
What does the left anterior descending artery do? What is a nickname for it?
feeds front of the left ventricle, commonly called the “widow maker”
What are the three bipolar limb leads?
Lead I, II, III
What is the relationship of Lead I?
right arm (-) to left arm (+)
What is the relationship of Lead II?
right arm (-) to left foot (+)
What is the relationship of Lead III?
left arm (-) to left foot (+)
What are the three unipolar limb leads?
AVR, AVL, and AVF
Where is AVR?
right arm
Where is AVL?
left arm
Where is AVF?
left foot
What view of the heart does lead I give you?
lateral view of the heart
What view of the heart does lead II give you?
inferior wall
What are the 4 things to talk about when describing a S-T Segment Depression?
- Quality of displacement
- Pattern of displacement
(Upsloping, Horizontal, or Downslopping–Worst myocardial ischemia) - Which wall of the heart are you looking at?”
- Circumflex Artery
Example Final answer: “2mm of horizontal ST segment depression in lateral wall in left circumflex artery”
