Mod 2: Coronary Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Where do coronary arteries originate from?

A

originate from ascending aorta

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2
Q

When does flow of coronary arteries occur?

A

occurs during diastole

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3
Q

Where is the right coronary artery (RCA) located?

A

groove between RA and RV; posterior wall between both ventricles

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4
Q

What does the right coronary artery feed?

A

feeds RA, anterior RV, posterior/inferior RV and LV, AV node

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5
Q

Where is the left coronary artery (LCA) located?

A

left main stem bifurcates into LAD between RV and LV (anterior wall, BB)

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6
Q

What is the left circumflex (coronary artery)?

A

groove between LA and LV (lateral wall)

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7
Q

How many gallons of blood does the heart pump?

A

2000+ gallons

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8
Q

What are the 4 major chambers of the heart?

A

RA, RV, LA, LV

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9
Q

What do valves do?

A

keep heart flowing in the same direction

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10
Q

What are valves made up of?

A

leaflets

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11
Q

What is the opening and closing of valves controlled by?

A

BP changes

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12
Q

What is the purpose of coronary arteries?

A

keeps heart nourished and oxygenated

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13
Q

What does coronary artery disease cause?

A

Decreased flow to blood muscle

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14
Q

What does the right atrium do?

A

pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs

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15
Q

What leads to the right atrium?

A

veins, muscles

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16
Q

What is the purpose of the tricuspid valve?

A

allows blood to flow (one direction) from RA to RV, then to the semilunar valve to lungs

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17
Q

What does the left atrium do?

A

pump oxygenated blood to the body

18
Q

What valve is in the left side of the heart?

A

mitral valve

19
Q

What is special about the left ventricle?

A

most muscular of the four chambers of the heart

20
Q

What is mitral valve prolapse?

A

occasional chest pain when the mitral valve door is sticky (flaps back up into the atrium and allows a bit of backflow)

21
Q

What are heart murmurs?

A

valvular dysfunction

22
Q

What is chordae tendineae?

A

papillary muscles that assist in valves opening up and snapping shut

23
Q

What is the SA node?

A

pacemaker of the heart

24
Q

What are internodal tracts?

A

bands of specialized myocytes that lie between SA and AV node

25
What is the bundle of his?
splits into the right and left bundle branch
26
What are purkinje fibers?
at the end of bundle branches that spread activation into more individualized myocardial cells
27
What does the right coronary artery do?
delivers blood to the entire right atrium: feeds RA, anterior RV< posterior/inferior RV and LV, AV node
28
What is found in 90% of people?
RCA takes a turn and rides in the groove of the two ventricles - feeds posterior walls of R/L ventricle
29
What does the left circumflex artery do?
feeds left atrium and lateral wall of the left ventricle
30
What does the left anterior descending artery do? What is a nickname for it?
feeds front of the left ventricle, commonly called the "widow maker"
31
What are the three bipolar limb leads?
Lead I, II, III
32
What is the relationship of Lead I?
right arm (-) to left arm (+)
33
What is the relationship of Lead II?
right arm (-) to left foot (+)
34
What is the relationship of Lead III?
left arm (-) to left foot (+)
35
What are the three unipolar limb leads?
AVR, AVL, and AVF
36
Where is AVR?
right arm
37
Where is AVL?
left arm
38
Where is AVF?
left foot
39
What view of the heart does lead I give you?
lateral view of the heart
40
What view of the heart does lead II give you?
inferior wall
41
What are the 4 things to talk about when describing a S-T Segment Depression?
1. Quality of displacement 2. Pattern of displacement (Upsloping, Horizontal, or Downslopping--Worst myocardial ischemia) 3. Which wall of the heart are you looking at?” 4. Circumflex Artery Example Final answer: “2mm of horizontal ST segment depression in lateral wall in left circumflex artery”