Mod 2: Coronary Anatomy

Question 1

Where do coronary arteries originate from?

Answer 1

originate from ascending aorta

Question 2

When does flow of coronary arteries occur?

Answer 2

occurs during diastole

Question 3

Where is the right coronary artery (RCA) located?

Answer 3

groove between RA and RV; posterior wall between both ventricles

Question 4

What does the right coronary artery feed?

Answer 4

feeds RA, anterior RV, posterior/inferior RV and LV, AV node

Question 5

Where is the left coronary artery (LCA) located?

Answer 5

left main stem bifurcates into LAD between RV and LV (anterior wall, BB)

Question 6

What is the left circumflex (coronary artery)?

Answer 6

groove between LA and LV (lateral wall)

Question 7

How many gallons of blood does the heart pump?

Answer 7

2000+ gallons

Question 8

What are the 4 major chambers of the heart?

Answer 8

RA, RV, LA, LV

Question 9

What do valves do?

Answer 9

keep heart flowing in the same direction

Question 10

What are valves made up of?

Answer 10

leaflets

Question 11

What is the opening and closing of valves controlled by?

Answer 11

BP changes

Question 12

What is the purpose of coronary arteries?

Answer 12

keeps heart nourished and oxygenated

Question 13

What does coronary artery disease cause?

Answer 13

Decreased flow to blood muscle

Question 14

What does the right atrium do?

Answer 14

pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs

Question 15

What leads to the right atrium?

Answer 15

veins, muscles

Question 16

What is the purpose of the tricuspid valve?

Answer 16

allows blood to flow (one direction) from RA to RV, then to the semilunar valve to lungs

Question 17

What does the left atrium do?

Answer 17

pump oxygenated blood to the body

Question 18

What valve is in the left side of the heart?

Answer 18

mitral valve

Question 19

What is special about the left ventricle?

Answer 19

most muscular of the four chambers of the heart

Question 20

What is mitral valve prolapse?

Answer 20

occasional chest pain when the mitral valve door is sticky (flaps back up into the atrium and allows a bit of backflow)

Question 21

What are heart murmurs?

Answer 21

valvular dysfunction

Question 22

What is chordae tendineae?

Answer 22

papillary muscles that assist in valves opening up and snapping shut

Question 23

What is the SA node?

Answer 23

pacemaker of the heart

Question 24

What are internodal tracts?

Answer 24

bands of specialized myocytes that lie between SA and AV node

Question 25

What is the bundle of his?

Answer 25

splits into the right and left bundle branch

Question 26

What are purkinje fibers?

Answer 26

at the end of bundle branches that spread activation into more individualized myocardial cells

Question 27

What does the right coronary artery do?

Answer 27

delivers blood to the entire right atrium: feeds RA, anterior RV< posterior/inferior RV and LV, AV node

Question 28

What is found in 90% of people?

Answer 28

RCA takes a turn and rides in the groove of the two ventricles - feeds posterior walls of R/L ventricle

Question 29

What does the left circumflex artery do?

Answer 29

feeds left atrium and lateral wall of the left ventricle

Question 30

What does the left anterior descending artery do? What is a nickname for it?

Answer 30

feeds front of the left ventricle, commonly called the “widow maker”

Question 31

What are the three bipolar limb leads?

Answer 31

Lead I, II, III

Question 32

What is the relationship of Lead I?

Answer 32

right arm (-) to left arm (+)

Question 33

What is the relationship of Lead II?

Answer 33

right arm (-) to left foot (+)

Question 34

What is the relationship of Lead III?

Answer 34

left arm (-) to left foot (+)

Question 35

What are the three unipolar limb leads?

Answer 35

AVR, AVL, and AVF

Question 36

Where is AVR?

Answer 36

right arm

Question 37

Where is AVL?

Answer 37

left arm

Question 38

Where is AVF?

Answer 38

left foot

Question 39

What view of the heart does lead I give you?

Answer 39

lateral view of the heart

Question 40

What view of the heart does lead II give you?

Answer 40

inferior wall

Question 41

What are the 4 things to talk about when describing a S-T Segment Depression?

Answer 41

1. Quality of displacement
2. Pattern of displacement
   (Upsloping, Horizontal, or Downslopping–Worst myocardial ischemia)
3. Which wall of the heart are you looking at?”
4. Circumflex Artery
   Example Final answer: “2mm of horizontal ST segment depression in lateral wall in left circumflex artery”