Mod 15 Flashcards
Behavorists deinfe learning as
a relatively permanent change in behavior caused by practice
An unconditioned stimulus
triggers an unconditioned response reflexively or automatically
In classical conditioning the UCR
is the response to the UCS
The conditioned stimulus (CS)
is the originally neutral stimulus that gains the power to cause the CR
The conditioned response (CR) is the response to the
CS
During aquisition, the ______ is paired with a ______.
UCS, CS
Which of the following is an unconditioned response?
a) clapping after a concert
b) playing jump rope
c) running through a maze to get a food reward
d) sweating in hot weather
d) sweating in hot weather
Extinction occurs when a __________ is no longer paired with a _________
CS, UCS
Spontaneous recovery refers to the
reappearance, after a rest period, of an extinguished conditioned response
Kathleen developed an intense fear of flying 5 years ago when she was in a plane crash. The fact that today she can again fly without distress indicates that her fear has undergone:
extinction
In Pavlov’s experiments, the dog’s salivation triggered by the taste of food was an
unconditioned response
In Pavlov’s experiments, the dogs salivation triggered by the sound of the tone was an
conditioned response
The ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and similar stimulus that do not signal an unconditioned stimulus is called
Discrimination
Generalization occurs when
an organism produces the same response to similar stimuli
Discrimination occurs when
an organism responds to a specific CS, instead of all similar CSs
When an organism produces the same response to similar stimuli, behaviorsists say _____________ has occured
generalization
A real estate agent showed Henry several pictures of a house for sale in the neighborhood while they were eating a delicious meal. Now, whenever Henry looks at pictures of houses for sale in the paper his mouth begins to water. Which of the following learning phenomena have occurred?
generalization
Male Japanese quail became sexually aroused by a red light that was repeatedly associated with the presentation of a female quail. If this sexual arousal is elicited by a specific red light and not any other type of red light, ________ has occured
discrimination
If Pavlov’s dogs started to salivate whenever they heard any type of tone similar to the tuning fork, Pavlov would explain that the dogs ________________ the response
generalized
After learning to fear a white rat, Little Albert responded with fear to the sight of a rabbit. This best illistrates the process of
generalization
In the little Albert experiment, Watson used the loud noise of a banging steel bar as the ____ to produce the UCR of crying
UCS
Rescorla and Wagner showed that predictability rather than the number of times a CS and UCS are paired is important for classical conditioning. This finding highlights the importance of ____ in conditioning
cognition
In Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, infants develop a fear of books after books are repeatedly presented with a loud noise. In this fictional example, the loud noise is an
Unconditioned Stimulus
